Melanin Synthesis in the Cell Wall
Melanin Synthesis in the Cell Wall
复制标题
细胞壁中的黑色素合成
DOI:
10.1002/9783527644179.ch22
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Klaus Tietjen
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
M. Schindler;H. Sawada;Klaus Tietjen
In 2002, the melanin biosynthesis inhibitor (MBI) fungicides constituted a minor segment of the world fungicide market, with a global market share of approximately 10%. The MBI fungicides play an important role in rice production in Asia and in some Latin American countries. In Japan, among the various specific fungicides used to treat rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae), the MBIs come a close second position after the host defense inducers. However, following the report of a MBI-D resistant strain of Pyricularia oryzae in southern Japan in 2001 (notably, such resistance in rice blast was reported only in Japan, and not in other countries), the MBIs were quickly replaced with host defense inducers. Melanin is a general term used in different biological contexts for various insoluble dark or black complex polyphenolic resins, the chemical structures of which are often only incompletely characterized [1, 2]. Despite its imprecise definition, melanin is found ubiquitously in the living world, the best known example being mammalian melanin. The latter is biosynthesized from the amino acids tyrosine and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine l-(DOPA) as monomeric building blocks. In mammals, the melanins undertake a variety of biological functions including, on occasion, the neuronal system. Mammalian melanin is, however, quite distinct from the fungal melanin being discussed here. Fungi such as Pyricularia contain a melanin that is constructed from 1, 8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN), and which is referred to as DHN melanin [1]. The biosynthetic pathway of DHN melanin is short and simple (Figure 22.1); the origin of the building blocks is not amino acids, but a polyketide originating from acetyl coenzyme A and malonyl coenzyme A. Besides DHN, this fungal melanin may contain other poorly characterized constituents. To date, all the enzymes of the DHN melanin biosynthesis pathway have been identified, cloned, and are mostly well described [1, 3].
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DOI:
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发表时间:
2004
期刊:
Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 68
影响因子:
--
作者:
Yamada;N.;Motoyama;T.;Nakasako;M.;Kagabu;S.;Kudo;S.;Yamaguchi;I.
通讯作者:
I.
影响因子:
4.4
作者:
TREUTLER, O;AHLRICHS, R
通讯作者:
AHLRICHS, R
影响因子:
2.9
作者:
Fujii, I;Mori, Y;Ebizuka, Y
通讯作者:
Ebizuka, Y
DOI:
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
鵜崎隆行;田中耕一
通讯作者:
田中耕一
DOI:
--
发表时间:
--
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
通讯作者:
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