Hexavalent chromium waste removal via bioelectrochemical systems - a life cycle assessment perspective.
Hexavalent chromium waste removal via bioelectrochemical systems - a life cycle assessment perspective.
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DOI：
10.1039/d3ew00344b
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发表时间：
2023-09-28
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Gadkari, Siddharth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muazu, Rukayya Ibrahim;Sadhukhan, Jhuma;Mohan, S. Venkata;Gadkari, Siddharth
生物电化学系统（BES），如微生物燃料电池（MFC），从工业和城市废水中去除和回收重金属呈现出许多好处。本研究评估了在双室MFC中同时去除六价铬（Cr（VI））和生物发电的生命周期环境影响。结果表明，全球升温潜能值为−0.44千克二氧化碳当量。每公斤回收的铬，代表总节省高达97%，与现有的技术相比，处理含铬（六）废水。所观察到的全球升温潜能值（千克CO2当量）的节省随着从MFC系统生命周期中删除分配的积分，这一比例降至61.8%。在铬废物处理厂考虑的所有各种子系统中，MFC单元和铬金属回收单元对全球升温潜能值（千克CO2当量）的影响最大，不可再生能源使用（NREU）（MJ初级）和矿物开采（MJ剩余）。对结果的统计分析表明，化学需氧量（COD）的增加与全球升温潜能值（千克CO2当量）的减少有关，NREU（MJ初级）和陆地生态毒性（进入土壤的千克三甘醇当量（TEG土壤）-当量）。生命周期评估（LCA）的结果显示，MFC反应器的材料和施工工艺的变化具有很高的敏感性，这表明需要进一步研究MFC反应器施工的可持续材料。所观察到的过程变量的相互作用的影响，也表明需要这些变量的组合优化。对其他类型金属的分析对于进一步证明通过MFC去除金属的实际可行性也很重要。第一项评估用于金属回收的生物和环境服务的环境绩效的生命周期评估研究。
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs) present numerous benefits for the removal and recovery of heavy metals from industrial and municipal wastewater. This study evaluated the life cycle environmental impact of simultaneous hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) removal and bioelectricity generation in a dual chamber MFC. Results indicate a global warming potential (GWP) of −0.44 kg carbon dioxide (CO2)-eq. per kg of chromium recovered, representing a total saving of up to 97% in comparison with existing technologies for the treatment of Cr(vi) laden wastewater. The observed savings in GWP (kg CO2-eq.) reduced to 61.8% with the removal of the allocated credits from the MFC system's life cycle. Of all the various sub-systems considered within the chromium waste treatment plant, the MFC unit and the chromium metal recovery unit had the largest impact in terms of GWP (kg CO2-eq.), non-renewable energy use (NREU) (MJ primary), and mineral extraction (MJ surplus). A statistical analysis of the results showed that an increase in chemical oxygen demand (COD) was associated with a reduction in GWP (kg CO2-eq.), NREU (MJ primary), and terrestrial ecotoxicity (kg triethylene glycol equivalents into soil (TEG soil)-eq.). The life cycle assessment (LCA) output showed a high sensitivity to changes in the materials and construction processes of MFC reactors, indicating the need for further research into sustainable materials for MFC reactor construction. The observed interaction effects of process variables also suggest the need for combined optimization of these variables. Analysis with other types of metals is also important to further demonstrate the practical viability of metal removal through MFCs. First LCA study for assessing the environmental performance of BESs for metal recovery application.
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