Gas Exchange, Ventilatory Patterns, and Water Loss in Two Lubber Grasshoppers: Quantifying Cuticular and Respiratory Transpiration
Gas Exchange, Ventilatory Patterns, and Water Loss in Two Lubber Grasshoppers: Quantifying Cuticular and Respiratory Transpiration
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两只橡胶蚱蜢的气体交换、通气模式和水分流失：量化角质层和呼吸蒸腾
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. F. Hadley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Quinlan;N. F. Hadley
采用流动系统（flow-through system）研究了两种蝗虫（Romalea guttata和Taeniopoda eques）的呼吸生理和水分关系，该系统同时测量了O₂消耗、CO₂排泄和蒸发水分损失。这两个物种都表现出静止气体交换的循环模式，其特征是O₂吸收和CO₂排放的间歇性“爆发”。温度升高既缩短了爆发期，又缩短了爆发间期。代谢率受温度的影响较大，但不受水合状态的影响。然而，脱水降低了呼吸循环的规律性。在不同温度下，罗马目动物的失水速率显著高于带足目动物，且水合动物（两种动物）的失水速率均大于脱水个体。在15°~ 30°C之间，呼吸蒸腾作用仅占罗马目昆虫总水分损失的2.1% ~ 3.8%，带足目昆虫仅占3.8% ~ 5.3%。这些数据对这些昆虫循环释放CO₂的水分保持功能提出了严重的质疑。
The respiratory physiology and water relations of two acridid grasshoppers (Romalea guttata and Taeniopoda eques) were examined with a flow-through system that simultaneously measures O₂ consumption, CO₂ excretion, and evaporative water loss. Both species exhibited a cyclic pattern of resting gas exchange that was characterized by intermittent "bursts" of O₂ uptake and CO₂ emission. Increasing temperature shortened both the burst and especially the interburstperiods. Metabolic rates were strongly affected by temperature, but not hydration state. Dehydration, however, degraded the regularity of the respiratory cycles. Water loss rates (WLRs) for Romalea were significantly higher than for Taeniopoda at each temperature, with rates for hydrated animals (both species) greater than for dehydrated individuals. Respiratory transpiration accounted for only 2.1% to 3.8% of the total water loss in Romalea and 3.8% to 5.3% in Taeniopoda between 15° and 30°C These data raise serious questions regarding the presumed water conservation function for cyclic release of CO₂ in these insects.