Association between aflatoxin-albumin adduct levels and tortilla consumption in Guatemalan adults
Association between aflatoxin-albumin adduct levels and tortilla consumption in Guatemalan adults
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.05.009
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Groopman, John D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kroker-Lobos, Maria F.;Alvarez, Christian S.;Groopman, John D.
黄曲霉毒素B-1(AFB(1))是一种已知的人类肝癌诱因，最近的一项研究报告称，通过血清白蛋白生物标记物测量，危地马拉成年人的AFB(1)水平升高。虽然AFB(1)可以污染多种食品，包括危地马拉的主要主食玉米，但危地马拉以前没有研究过玉米摄入量与血清AFB(1)白蛋白加合物水平的关系。结果，对居住在该国五个不同地区的461名危地马拉成年人进行了一项横断面研究。参与者提供了血清样本，并完成了半定量食物频率问卷和社会人口学问卷。采用多元线性回归分析方法，以玉米消耗量的五分位数为单位，估算了对数转化的黄曲霉毒素(1)-白蛋白加合物的最小二乘均值(LSq)和95%可信区间(95%CI)。此外，还对玉米饼的消费量和玉米加工水平进行了分析。玉米摄入量中位数为344.3 g/d[四分位数范围：252.2,500.8]，血清黄曲霉毒素B(1)-白蛋白加合物水平中位数为8.4pg/mg白蛋白(四分位数范围：3.8，22.3)。在调整后的分析中，玉米总消费量和血清AFB(1)-白蛋白水平之间没有关联。然而，玉米饼消费量与AFB(1)-白蛋白水平之间存在统计学意义上的相关性(P-趋势=0.01)。玉米饼消耗量最高的五分之一的AFB(1)-白蛋白的LSM高于最低的五分之一[LSM：9.03，11.70VS6.23，95%CI：4.95，8.17]。这些发现表明，玉米饼可能是危地马拉人口接触AFB(1)的一个重要来源。因此，努力控制或减少玉米饼用受污染玉米中的AFB(1)水平，可能会减少这一人群的总体接触。
Aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) is a known human hepatocarcinogen and a recent study reported elevated AFB(1) levels, measured by serum albumin biomarkers, among Guatemalan adults. While AFB(1) can contaminate a variety of foodstuffs, including maize, Guatemala's main dietary staple, the relationship of maize intake to serum AFB(1) albumin adducts levels in Guatemala has not been previously examined. As a result, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 461 Guatemalan adults living in five geographically distinct departments of the country. Participants provided a serum sample and completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the least square means (LSQ) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of log-transformed AFB(1)-albumin adducts by quintiles of maize consumption in crude and adjusted models. Additionally, analyses of tortilla consumption and levels of maize processing were conducted. The median maize intake was 344.3 g per day [Interquartile Range (IQR): 252.2, 500.8], and the median serum AFB(1)-albumin adduct level was 8.4 pg/mg albumin (IQR: 3.8, 22.3). In adjusted analyses, there was no association between overall maize consumption and serum AFB(1)-albumin levels. However, there was a statistically significant association between tortilla consumption and AFB(1)-albumin levels (P-trend = 0.01). The LSM of AFB(1)-albumin was higher in the highest quintile of tortilla consumption compared to the lowest quintile [LSM:9.03 95%CI: 7.03,11.70 vs 6.23, 95%CI: 4.95,8.17, respectively]. These findings indicate that tortilla may be an important source of AFB(1) exposure in the Guatemalan population. Therefore, efforts to control or mitigate AFB(1) levels in contaminated maize used for tortillas may reduce overall exposure in this population.