PHENOTYPIC ASSORTMENT MEDIATES THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL SELECTION IN A WILD BEETLE POPULATION
PHENOTYPIC ASSORTMENT MEDIATES THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL SELECTION IN A WILD BEETLE POPULATION
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01340.x
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Brodie, Edmund D., III
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Formica, Vincent A.;McGlothlin, Joel W.;Brodie, Edmund D., III
社交互动通常会对健康产生重大影响，但人们对特定的相互作用表型如何影响自然选择的强度知之甚少。社会对进化过程的影响可以使用多级选择方法来评估，该方法将社会伙伴表型对适应性的影响（称为社会或群体选择）与焦点个体的特征（非社会或个人选择）分开。为了量化社会选择对影响性状的总选择的贡献，还必须考虑相互作用者之间的表型关联模式。我们估计了野生分叉真菌甲虫（Bolitotherus cornutus）种群中雄性体型大小的选择梯度。我们通过交配成功率的差异发现了对体型的积极非社会选择和消极社会选择，这表明具有较小社会伙伴的体型较大的雄性具有最高的适应性。此外，我们发现，在低密度群体中，焦点个体的表型与其社会伙伴的表型呈负相关。这种模式扭转了群体选择对体型的负面影响，并导致对体型更强的正向选择。我们的结果证明了自然界的多级选择，并强调了当同种相互作用非随机发生时考虑社会选择的重要性。
Social interactions often have major fitness consequences, but little is known about how specific interacting phenotypes affect the strength of natural selection. Social influences on the evolutionary process can be assessed using a multilevel selection approach that partitions the effects of social partner phenotypes on fitness (referred to as social or group selection) from those of the traits of a focal individual (nonsocial or individual selection). To quantify the contribution of social selection to total selection affecting a trait, the patterns of phenotypic association among interactants must also be considered. We estimated selection gradients on male body size in a wild population of forked fungus beetles (Bolitotherus cornutus). We detected positive nonsocial selection and negative social selection on body size operating through differences in copulation success, indicating that large males with small social partners had highest fitness. In addition, we found that, in low-density demes, the phenotypes of focal individuals were negatively correlated with those of their social partners. This pattern reversed the negative effect of group selection on body size and led to stronger positive selection for body size. Our results demonstrate multilevel selection in nature and stress the importance of considering social selection whenever conspecific interactions occur nonrandomly.