Distinct behavioural and network correlates of two interneuron types in prefrontal cortex.
Distinct behavioural and network correlates of two interneuron types in prefrontal cortex.
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前额叶皮层的神经元表现出不同的行为相关性，这一观察结果被归因于细胞类型的多样性。为了将确定的神经元类型与网络和行为功能联系起来，我们记录了两个最大的遗传定义的抑制性中间神经元类别，即在执行奖励觅食任务的小鼠前扣带皮层（ACC）中的核周靶向小清蛋白（Pv）和树突靶向生长抑素（Som）神经元。在这里，我们表明，Pv和一个亚型的索姆神经元形成功能上均匀的人口显示出双重分离之间的抑制作用和行为相关。在与行为有关的许多事件中，Som神经元的一个亚型选择性地响应于奖励方法，而Pv神经元响应于奖励离开编码之前的停留时间。Pv和Som神经元的这些行为相关性定义了一个行为时期和一个对觅食很重要的决策变量此外，Pv神经元可以毫秒同步放电，对主细胞放电产生快速而强大的抑制作用，而Som神经元对放电输出的抑制作用较弱且更多变，这与它们分别控制主神经元的输出和输入的想法一致。这些结果表明，在调节信息流的不同类型的中间神经元的电路水平的功能之间的连接，和由皮层电路服务的行为功能。此外，这些观察结果支持了这样一种希望，即行为过程中的功能反应多样性可以部分地由细胞类型多样性来解释。
Neurons in prefrontal cortex exhibit diverse behavioural correlates, an observation that has been attributed to cell-type diversity. To link identified neuron types with network and behavioural functions, we recorded from the two largest genetically-defined inhibitory interneuron classes, the perisomatically-targeting parvalbumin (Pv) and the dendritically-targeting somatostatin (Som) neurons in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of mice performing a reward foraging task. Here we show that Pv and a subtype of Som neurons form functionally homogeneous populations showing a double dissociation between both their inhibitory impact and behavioural correlates. Out of a number of events pertaining to behaviour, a subtype of Som neurons selectively responded at reward approach, while Pv neurons responded at reward leaving encoding preceding stay duration. These behavioural correlates of Pv and Som neurons defined a behavioural epoch and a decision variable important for foraging (whether to stay or to leave), a crucial function attributed to ACC. Furthermore, Pv neurons could fire in millisecond synchrony exerting fast and powerful inhibition on principal cell firing, while the inhibitory impact of Som neurons on firing output was weak and more variable, consistent with the idea that they respectively control the outputs of and inputs to principal neurons. These results suggest a connection between the circuit-level function of different interneuron-types in regulating the flow of information, and the behavioural functions served by the cortical circuits. Moreover these observations bolster the hope that functional response diversity during behaviour can in part be explained by cell-type diversity.