The Scala naturae revisited: evolutionary scales and anagenesis in comparative psychology.
The Scala naturae revisited: evolutionary scales and anagenesis in comparative psychology.
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重新审视自然尺度：比较心理学中的进化尺度和发育过程。
DOI：
10.1037/0735-7036.105.3.211
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hodos,W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell,CB;Hodos,W
最近关于进化尺度在行为进化的理论化中占有一席之地的建议是基于起源的概念，以前与生物进步的概念联系在一起。一个相关的概念是等级，通常用作后天进步的单位。比较心理学中追溯分析的倡导者引用了生物学家B.Rensch(例如1954、1959、1963)、JS Huxley(例如1942、1957、1958)、GG Simpson(例如1949、1953、1958、1961)和SJ Gould(例如1976)的著作来支持Anagenesis的有用性，但将这些理论家的立场视为相同。事实上，它们对起源的定义和在进化中的具体问题上的应用有很大的不同。后遗传学方法被批评为价值论的，而且往往是以人类为中心的。尽管等级的形成可能是有用的，但等级的顺序不能被认为代表特定结构或行为演变的历史阶段。(心理信息数据库记录(C)2017 APA，保留所有权利)
Recent suggestions that evolutionary scales have a place in theorization about the evolution of behavior have been based on the concept of anagenesis, formerly associated with notions of biological progress. An associated concept is that of grades, often used as units of anagenetic advance. Advocates of anagenetic analysis in comparative psychology cite the writings of biologists B. Rensch (eg, 1954, 1959, 1963), JS Huxley (eg, 1942, 1957, 1958), GG Simpson (eg, 1949, 1953, 1958, 1961), and SJ Gould (eg, 1976) to support the usefulness of anagenesis but treat the positions of each of these theorists as if they were the same. In fact, they differ considerably in their definition of anagenesis and in its application to specific issues in evolution. The anagenetic approach is criticized as axiological and frequently anthropocentric. Although the formation of grades can be useful, a sequence of grades must not be assumed to represent historical stages in the evolution of specific structures or behaviors.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)