Stretchable Hydrogel Electronics and Devices.
Stretchable Hydrogel Electronics and Devices.
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DOI：
10.1002/adma.201504152
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhao X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin S;Yuk H;Zhang T;Parada GA;Koo H;Yu C;Zhao X
动物体主要由水凝胶组成——水渗透的聚合物网络。大多数生物水凝胶具有机械柔性和坚固性，它们可以容纳各种生命必需物质的运输（例如对流和扩散）和反应，赋予生命体精致的功能，例如感知和响应、自愈、自我增强和自我调节等。为了利用水凝胶独特的性质和功能，人们致力于开发各种基于水凝胶的仿生结构和装置。例子包括用于微流体中流量控制的水凝胶阀门、由刺激响应水凝胶激活的自适应微透镜、来自水凝胶颗粒的颜色可调胶体晶体、由水凝胶驱动纳米结构切换的复杂微图案、响应性屈曲水凝胶表面以及基于水凝胶的抓握和自行走结构。进入移动健康或移动医疗时代，随着前所未有的数量的电子设备与人体集成，具有与人体组织相似的生理和机械性能的水凝胶是电子和设备实现长期有效生物集成的理想基质/涂层材料。然而，由于常见合成水凝胶的脆弱性和脆性，现有的水凝胶电子器件和设备大多受到机械强度低和拉伸性低的限制。另一方面，虽然最近开发出了具有非凡机械性能的水凝胶，或所谓的坚韧水凝胶，但将坚韧水凝胶制造成具有新功能的可拉伸电子产品和设备仍然具有挑战性。坚固、可拉伸和生物相容性水凝胶电子和设备的设计代表了软材料、电子和设备新兴领域的严峻挑战。
Animal bodies are mainly composed of hydrogels — polymer networks infiltrated with water. Most biological hydrogels are mechanically flexible yet robust, and they accommodate transportations (e.g., convection and diffusion) and reactions of various essential substances for life – endowing living bodies with exquisite functions such as sensing and responding, self-healing, self-reinforcing and self-regulating et al. To harness hydrogels’ unique properties and functions, intensive efforts have been devoted to developing various biomimetic structures and devices based on hydrogels. Examples include hydrogel valves for flow control in microfluidics, adaptive micro lenses activated by stimuli-responsive hydrogels, color-tunable colloidal crystals from hydrogel particles, complex micro patterns switched by hydrogel-actuated nanostructures, responsive buckled hydrogel surfaces, and griping and self-walking structures based on hydrogels. Entering the era of mobile health or mHealth, as unprecedented amounts of electronic devices are being integrated with human body, hydrogels with similar physiological and mechanical properties as human tissues represent ideal matrix/coating materials for electronics and devices to achieve long-term effective bio-integrations. However, owing to the weak and brittle nature of common synthetic hydrogels, existing hydrogel electronics and devices mostly suffer from the limitation of low mechanical robustness and low stretchability. On the other hand, while hydrogels with extraordinary mechanical properties, or so-called tough hydrogels, have been recently developed, it is still challenging to fabricate tough hydrogels into stretchable electronics and devices capable of novel functions. The design of robust, stretchable and biocompatible hydrogel electronics and devices represents a critical challenge in the emerging field of soft materials, electronics and devices.