Migration of Pacific Rim Chum Salmon on the High Seas: Insights from Genetic Data
Migration of Pacific Rim Chum Salmon on the High Seas: Insights from Genetic Data
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环太平洋鲑鱼在公海的迁徙：来自遗传数据的见解
DOI：
10.1023/b:ebfi.0000022900.82523.63
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
J. Seeb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Seeb;P. Crane;C. Kondzela;R. Wilmot;S. Urawa;N. V. Varnavskaya;J. Seeb
野生大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus凯塔）种群最近在其分布区的某些地区出现了下降。此外，孵化场鲑鱼的释放已经升级到每年近30亿条鱼。野生种群的减少和孵化场鱼类的未知影响，加上全球气候变化造成的未来产量的不确定性，重新引起了人们对公海鲑鱼洄游模式的兴趣。我们研究了公海的成熟和不成熟的个人使用基线数据的20个等位酶基因座来自整个环太平洋地区的356个人口的混合物的组成。组成估计是从三个时间序列。其中两个时间序列来自重要的沿海迁徙走廊：阿拉斯加半岛以南的舒马金群岛和堪察加半岛东海岸。第三种是白令海拖网捕捞狭鳕时偶然捕获的鲑鱼。我们还分析了地理上分散的收集在7月捕获的鲑鱼。时间序列显示股票构成的动态变化。6月，舒马金岛走廊主要由阿拉斯加西北部和亚洲种群使用;到7月底，阿拉斯加半岛和北美南部的种群占主导地位。堪察加半岛沿岸沿着的鱼类组成发生了巨大变化，从5月的主要是俄罗斯鱼类到8月的主要是日本鱼类;以前没有记录的阿拉斯加半岛和阿拉斯加湾的鱼类也出现了。来自整个环太平洋地区的未成熟鲑鱼，包括北美南部的大部分种群，在9月和10月期间对白令海的副渔获物作出了贡献。北美种群的迁徙路线比以前观察到的要广泛得多，白令海是整个物种范围内成熟和未成熟鲑鱼的重要饲养区。
Wild stocks of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, have experienced recent declines in some areas of their range. Also, the release of hatchery chum salmon has escalated to nearly three billion fish annually. The decline of wild stocks and the unknown effects of hatchery fish combined with the uncertainty of future production caused by global climate change have renewed interest in the migratory patterns of chum salmon on the high seas. We studied the composition of high-seas mixtures of maturing and immature individuals using baseline data for 20 allozyme loci from 356 populations from throughout the Pacific Rim. Composition estimates were made from three time series. Two of these time series were from important coastal migratory corridors: the Shumagin Islands south of the Alaska Peninsula and the east coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula. The third was from chum salmon captured incidentally in the Bering Sea trawl fishery for walleye pollock. We also analyzed geographically dispersed collections of chum salmon captured in the month of July. The time series show dynamic changes in stock composition. The Shumagin Island corridor was used primarily by Northwest Alaskan and Asian populations in June; by the end of July stocks from the Alaska Peninsula and southern North America dominated the composition. The composition along the Kamchatka coast changed dramatically from primarily Russian stocks in May to primarily Japanese stocks in August; the previously undocumented presence of stocks from the Alaska Peninsula and Gulf of Alaska was also demonstrated. Immature chum salmon from throughout the Pacific Rim, including large proportions of southern North American stocks, contributed to the Bering Sea bycatch during the months of September and October. The migration routes of North American stocks is far more widespread than previously observed, and the Bering Sea is an important rearing area for maturing and immature chum salmon from throughout the species' range.