Partial preferences and foraging
Partial preferences and foraging
复制标题
部分偏好和觅食
DOI：
10.1016/s0003-3472(87)80166-5
复制
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
A. Houston
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. McNamara;A. Houston
在猎物选择的标准模型中，能量增益率的最大化要求猎物类型要么总是被接受，要么总是被拒绝。与此相反，大多数公布的数据表明，猎物类型有时被接受，有时被拒绝，即出现部分偏好。回顾了部分偏好最优的各种方法。其中许多解释的一个共同特点是，标准模型过于简单：在标准模型中等价的国家在更合适的模型中是不同的。对这些状态进行平均会产生部分偏好的外观。探索了一个不总是选择最优行为的模型。代价高昂的最优偏离应该很少，这一想法与心理选择原则相结合，为次优选择提供了一个一般框架。当报酬率在选择原则的限制下最大化时，部分偏好被观察到。当饥饿的概率降到最低时，这些偏好取决于动物的储备和到觅食期结束的时间。
The maximization of the rate of energy gain in the standard model of prey choice requires that a prey type is either always accepted or always rejected. In contrast to this, most published data indicate that a prey type is sometimes accepted and sometimes rejected, i.e. partial preferences occur. Various ways in which partial preferences can be optimal are reviewed. A common feature of many of these explanations is that the standard model is too simple: states that are equivalent in it are different in a more appropriate model. Averaging over these states produces the appearance of partial preferences. A model in which the optimal action is not always chosen is explored. The idea that costly deviations from optimality should be rare is combined with a psychological choice principle to yield a general framework for suboptimal choice. When reward rate is maximized subject to the limitations of the choice principle, partial preferences are observed. When the probability of starvation is minimized these preferences depend on the animal's reserves and the time until the end of the foraging period.