The effect of chronic renal failure on drug metabolism and transport.

The effect of chronic renal failure on drug metabolism and transport.
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DOI:
10.1517/17425255.4.8.1065
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发表时间:
2008-08
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Lertora JJ
Lertora JJ
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dreisbach AW;Lertora JJ

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慢性肾衰竭(CRF)已被证明会显着降低非肾脏清除率并改变主要由肝脏和肠道代谢的药物的生物利用度。本文的目的是回顾所有涉及 CRF 对药物代谢和转运影响的重要动物和临床研究。美国国家医学图书馆 PubMed 的搜索词为“慢性肾功能衰竭、细胞色素 P450、肝脏代谢、外排药物转运和摄取转运”,包括可追溯到 1969 年的相关文章。CRF 的动物研究表明,肝脏和肠道细胞色素 P450 (CYP) 代谢显着下调 (40-85%)。高水平的甲状旁腺激素、细胞因子和尿毒症毒素已被证明会降低 CYP 活性。 II 相反应和药物转运蛋白如 P-糖蛋白 (Pgp) 和有机阴离子转运多肽 (OATP) 也会受到影响。 CRF 改变肠道、肾脏和肝脏的药物代谢和转运,对药物处置产生临床上显着的影响,并增加药物不良反应的风险。
Chronic renal failure (CRF) has been shown to significantly reduce the nonrenal clearance and alter bioavailability of drugs predominantly metabolized by the liver and intestine. The purpose of this article is to review all significant animal and clinical studies dealing with the effect of CRF on drug metabolism and transport. The National Library of Medicine PubMed was utilized with the search terms ‘chronic renal failure, cytochrome P450, liver metabolism, efflux drug transport and uptake transport’ including relevant articles back to 1969. Animal studies in CRF have shown a major downregulation (40-85%) of hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolism. High levels of parathyroid hormone, cytokines, and uremic toxins have been shown to reduce CYP activity. Phase II reactions and drug transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) are also affected. CRF alters intestinal, renal, and hepatic drug metabolism and transport producing a clinically significant impact on drug disposition and increasing the risk for adverse drug reactions.
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