Development and application of a life cycle energy consumption and CO2 emissions analysis model for high-speed railway transport in China
Development and application of a life cycle energy consumption and CO2 emissions analysis model for high-speed railway transport in China
复制标题
我国高速铁路运输全生命周期能耗与CO_2排放分析模型的开发与应用
DOI：
10.1016/j.accre.2021.02.001
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发表时间：
2021-04-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Ou Xun-Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Yan-Zhe;Zhou Sheng;Ou Xun-Min
近年来，我国高速铁路蓬勃发展，其节能减碳性能备受关注。本文在清华大学生命周期分析模型（TLCAM）的基础上，运用生命周期分析（LCA）方法，建立了中国高铁从基础设施、列车运行到运营的全生命周期能源消耗和温室气体排放模型。以京沪高铁为例，计算表明，高铁运输全生命周期能耗和温室气体排放量分别为人均0.4MJ km（-1）和0.04kgCO2 ekm（-1），远低于航空、汽油车、柴油车、电动车和公共汽车。随着动力结构的清洁化和高铁列车技术的进步，2020年高铁的能耗和碳排放量将比2015年减少20%。研究表明，发电结构和满载率是影响高铁运输全寿命周期能耗和温室气体排放的重要因素。建议通过提高高铁网络覆盖率、加快列车升级改造、提高高铁列车满载率、推进电力供应低碳发展等措施，强化和实现我国高铁运输方式的低碳优势。高铁运输可以实现我国交通运输业的低碳转型，改善石油供应安全状况。
China's high-speed railway (HSR) is booming recently, the HSR's performance of energy conservation and carbon reduction has attracted much attention. This study developed a new life cycle model of energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on China's HSR by life cycle analysis (LCA), covering the stages of infrastructure, HSR train, and operation, based on the TLCAM (Tsinghua-LCA Model). A case of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR has been studied to show that the full life cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions of HSR transportation are 0.4 MJ km(-1) per capita and 0.04 kg CO(2)e km(-1) per capita, respectively, which are far less than aviation, gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, electric vehicles and public vehicles. With the cleaner power structure and the progress of HSR train technology, the energy consumption and carbon emissions of HSR in 2020 could be reduced by 20% compared to 2015. This study indicates that electricity generation mix structure and full load rate are important factors influencing the life-cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions of HSR transportation. It is recommended to improve the coverage of HSR network, accelerate train upgrades, improve the full load rate of HSR trains, and promote the low-carbon development of electricity supply to strengthen and realize the low-carbon advantage of HSR transport mode in China. HSR transportation can be used to achieve the low carbon transformation of China's transportation sector and improve oil supply safety situation.