Indian Generics Producers, Access to Essential Medicines and Local Production in Africa: An Argument with Reference to Tanzania
Indian Generics Producers, Access to Essential Medicines and Local Production in Africa: An Argument with Reference to Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1057/ejdr.2010.27
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mujinja, Phares G. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaudhuri, Sudip;Mackintosh, Maureen;Mujinja, Phares G. M.
对非洲基本药物供应链的许多分析都假设印度制造商的低成本仿制药供应具有广泛的可持续性。我们使用印度的数据和采访来质疑这一假设。在坦桑尼亚的案例研究中，我们认为，加强当地生产的基本药物的必要性和可行性。我们确定了关键的产业政策干预措施，包括产业保护和积极的政府采购;公共产品，包括立法和监管框架和培训;以及鼓励和促进合资企业。我们表明，这些活动已经奠定了基础，并确定了政策挑战的紧迫性和难度。坦桑尼亚的情况可以从印度的工业历史中吸取教训，坦桑尼亚的最不发达国家地位提供了政策空间。为了坦桑尼亚公民的利益，可以进一步整合工业和卫生政策。坦桑尼亚的案例对非洲决策者有着更广泛的影响。
Much analysis of the supply chain for essential medicines to Africa assumes broad sustainability of low-cost generics supply from Indian manufacturers. We use Indian data and interviews to question this assumption. In a case study of Tanzania, we then argue for the necessity and feasibility of enhanced local production of essential medicines. We identify key industrial policy interventions, including industrial protection and active government purchasing; public goods including legislative and regulatory frameworks and training; and encouragement and facilitation of joint ventures. We show that a basis has been laid for these activities, and identify the urgency and difficulty of the policy challenge. There are lessons for the Tanzanian case from Indian industrial history, and policy space is provided by Tanzania's Least Developed Country status. Industrial and health policy can be further integrated to the benefit of Tanzania's citizens. The Tanzanian case has broader implications for African policymakers.