Specialized Subpopulations of Deep-Layer Pyramidal Neurons in the Neocortex: Bridging Cellular Properties to Functional Consequences
Specialized Subpopulations of Deep-Layer Pyramidal Neurons in the Neocortex: Bridging Cellular Properties to Functional Consequences
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0150-18.2018
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发表时间：
2018-06-13
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Dembrow, Nikolai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker, Arielle;Kalmbach, Brian;Dembrow, Nikolai
第 5 层和第 6 层具有体细胞的新皮质锥体神经元是大脑中最引人注目且最神秘的神经元之一。这些深层锥体神经元 (DLPN) 沿着其令人印象深刻的树突乔木整合了大量的皮质和皮质外突触输入。向本地和远距离目标的皮质输出模式是由特定 DLPN 亚群的独特生理特性决定的。在这里，我们重新审视两个广泛的 DLPN 亚群：那些在端脑内发送轴突的亚群（端脑内神经元）和那些投射到端脑外其他目标区域的亚群（端脑外神经元）。虽然许多分支学科的神经科学家已经描述了 DLPN 亚群的内在和突触生理特性，但我们选择性地瞄准和操纵这些输出神经元亚型的能力不断增强，这增进了我们对其独特功能贡献的理解。这篇观点文章总结了我们目前关于 DLPN 的知识，并重点介绍了最近阐明 DLPN 亚群之间功能差异的工作。
Neocortical pyramidal neurons with somata in layers 5 and 6 are among the most visually striking and enigmatic neurons in the brain. These deep-layer pyramidal neurons (DLPNs) integrate a plethora of cortical and extracortical synaptic inputs along their impressive dendritic arbors. The pattern of cortical output to both local and long-distance targets is sculpted by the unique physiological properties of specific DLPN subpopulations. Here we revisit two broad DLPN subpopulations: those that send their axons within the telencephalon (intratelencephalic neurons) and those that project to additional target areas outside the telencephalon (extratelencephalic neurons). While neuroscientists across many subdisciplines have characterized the intrinsic and synaptic physiological properties of DLPN subpopulations, our increasing ability to selectively target and manipulate these output neuron subtypes advances our understanding of their distinct functional contributions. This Viewpoints article summarizes our current knowledge about DLPNs and highlights recent work elucidating the functional differences between DLPN subpopulations.