Brain Surface Anatomy in Adults With Autism
Brain Surface Anatomy in Adults With Autism
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DOI：
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.265
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
25.8
通讯作者：
Murphy, Declan G. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ecker, Christine;Ginestet, Cedric;Murphy, Declan G. M.
背景：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的脑解剖学神经影像学研究主要基于皮质体积（CV）的测量。然而，CV是两个不同参数的产物，皮质厚度（CT）和表面积（SA），这反过来又有不同的遗传和发育origin.Objective：为了研究CV，SA和CT的区域差异以及它们之间的关系，在一个大的和良好的表征样本的男性ASD和匹配的controls.Design：多中心病例对照设计使用定量磁共振成像。英国医学研究理事会孤独症成像多中心研究。参与者：共有168名男性，其中84名被诊断为ASD，84名对照，他们的平均（SD）年龄没有显著差异（分别为26 [7]岁vs 28 [6]岁）或全量表IQ（分别为110 [14]和114 [12]）。主要结果测量：使用基于空间无偏顶点的方法研究CV、SA和CT的组间差异; CT和SA差异之间的空间重叠程度;结果：ASD患者在所有3个参数上均与对照组不同。这些主要包括额叶区域内的CT显著增加和眶额皮质和后扣带回中的SA减少。CT和SA的这些差异被CV的相应差异所掩盖。CT和SA的空间分布模式在很大程度上是不重叠的，共享只有约3%的所有显着不同的位置在大脑surfaces.Conclusions：个体ASD有显着差异的CV，但这些可能是由（可分离的）变化，其2个组成部分，CT和SA的基础。这一点很重要，因为这两种措施都是由不同的发育途径引起的，这些途径可能受到不同神经生物学机制的调节。这一发现可能为未来研究这种疾病的病因提供新的靶点，并为治疗这种疾病提供新的方法。
Context: Neuroimaging studies of brain anatomy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have mostly been based on measures of cortical volume (CV). However, CV is a product of 2 distinct parameters, cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA), that in turn have distinct genetic and developmental origins.Objective: To investigate regional differences in CV, SA, and CT as well as their relationship in a large and well-characterized sample of men with ASD and matched controls.Design: Multicenter case-control design using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.Setting: Medical Research Council UK Autism Imaging Multicentre Study.Participants: A total of 168 men, 84 diagnosed as having ASD and 84 controls who did not differ significantly in mean (SD) age (26 [7] years vs 28 [6] years, respectively) or full-scale IQ (110 [14] vs 114 [12], respectively).Main Outcome Measures: Between-group differences in CV, SA, and CT investigated using a spatially unbiased vertex-based approach; the degree of spatial over-lap between the differences in CT and SA; and their relative contribution to differences in regional CV.Results: Individuals with ASD differed from controls in all 3 parameters. These mainly consisted of significantly increased CT within frontal lobe regions and reduced SA in the orbitofrontal cortex and posterior cingulum. These differences in CT and SA were paralleled by commensurate differences in CV. The spatially distributed patterns for CT and SA were largely nonoverlapping and shared only about 3% of all significantly different locations on the cerebral surface.Conclusions: Individuals with ASD have significant differences in CV, but these may be underpinned by (separable) variations in its 2 components, CT and SA. This is of importance because both measures result from distinct developmental pathways that are likely modulated by different neurobiological mechanisms. This finding may provide novel targets for future studies into the etiology of the condition and a new way to fractionate the disorder.