Diurnal Variations in Global Joule Heating Morphology and Magnitude Due To Neutral Winds

Diurnal Variations in Global Joule Heating Morphology and Magnitude Due To Neutral Winds
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中性风导致的全球焦耳热形态和强度的日变化

DOI:
10.1002/2017ja025141
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Space Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Billett D
Billett D
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Billett D

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在极地电离层中,焦耳热的变化明显受到等离子体对流变化的控制,例如行星际磁场变化带来的变化。然而,计算焦耳热时的另一个重要考虑因素是等离子体和与电离层共处的中性热层之间的速度差。全球范围内的中性风数据通常很难获得;因此,焦耳热以前通常是在假设中性速度很小的情况下计算的,因此可以忽略不计。先前的工作表明,中性风对焦耳热估计的影响比最初想象的更显着;然而,由于太阳压力梯度和科里奥利力的变化而导致的中性粒子的昼夜变化尚未评估其对焦耳热的影响。我们表明,这种通用时间效应在计算焦耳热时非常重要,因此与忽略中性粒子所计算的结果有很大不同。在这项研究中,我们使用中性风、电导率和磁场的经验模型,为使用超级双极光雷达网络的数据生成的约 800,000 个单独的等离子体对流模式创建北半球的焦耳加热模式。由此,对不同季节和地磁活动水平的焦耳热在形态和大小上如何随世界时间变化进行了统计分析。我们发现中性风确实对焦耳热的形态和总能量输出起着重要作用。
In the polar ionosphere, variations in Joule heating are significantly controlled by changes in plasma convection, such as that brought about by changes in the interplanetary magnetic field. However, another important consideration when calculating Joule heating is the velocity difference between this plasma and the neutral thermosphere colocated with the ionosphere. Neutral wind data are often difficult to obtain on a global scale; thus, Joule heating has often previously been calculated assuming that neutral velocities are small and can therefore be neglected. Previous work has shown the effect of neutral winds on Joule heating estimations to be more significant than originally thought; however, the diurnal variations of the neutrals due to changes in solar pressure gradients and Coriolis forces have yet to have their impact on Joule heating assessed. We show this universal time effect to be significant in calculating Joule heating and thus can differ significantly from that calculated by neglecting the neutrals. In this study, we use empirical models for the neutral wind, conductivities, and magnetic field to create Northern Hemispheric patterns of Joule heating for approximately 800,000 individual plasma convection patterns generated using data from the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network. From this, a statistical analysis of how Joule heating varies in morphology and magnitude with universal time is shown for differing seasons and levels of geomagnetic activity. We find that neutral winds do play a significant role in the morphology and total energy output of Joule heating.
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