Molecular epizootiology of Perkinsus marinus and P. chesapeaki infections among wild oysters and clams in Chesapeake Bay, USA.
Molecular epizootiology of Perkinsus marinus and P. chesapeaki infections among wild oysters and clams in Chesapeake Bay, USA.
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美国切萨皮克湾野生牡蛎和蛤蜊中帕金瑟斯马林努斯和切萨皮克帕金瑟斯感染的分子流行病学。
DOI：
10.3354/dao01997
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
E. Burreson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Reece;C. Dungan;E. Burreson
通过对美国切萨皮克湾11个地点的弗吉尼亚长牡蛎和几种同域蛤类的调查，探讨了切萨皮克湾野生双壳类中marinsus和P. chesapeaki寄主的分布范围。对731种软体动物的DNA样本进行了珀金苏氏属和种特异性PCR分析，并对选择的组织学样本进行了种特异性原位杂交分析，其PCR结果显示双重或非典型珀金苏氏感染。在92%的牡蛎中检测到marinus，而P. chesapeaki的PCR检测结果仅为6%，且仅在一只蛤中检测到marinus。值得注意的是，所有调查的蛤蜊都与具有高感染率的牡蛎种群是同域的。切萨帕基疟原虫通常感染沙螺蚌、马科马氏蛤和斑叶蛤，以及以前未报道的切萨帕基疟原虫寄主蛤（muliniia lateralis、Rangia cuneata和Cyrtopleura costata）。从宿主中分离得到的30株分离菌株中，8株marinus分离株完全来自virginica牡蛎，22株切萨apeaki分离株均来自5种不同的蛤类宿主。虽然P. marinus和P. chesapeaki之前都被实验证明可以感染牡蛎和蛤蜊宿主，但这项对切萨皮克湾地区野生双壳类动物的调查显示，P. marinus感染几乎只发生在牡蛎中，P. chesapeaki感染在至少6种蛤蜊中占主导地位。
Perkinsus marinus and P. chesapeaki host ranges among wild Chesapeake Bay, USA, region bivalves were examined by surveying Crassostrea virginica oysters and members of several sympatric clam species from 11 locations. Perkinsus genus- and species-specific PCR assays were performed on DNA samples from 731 molluscs, and species-specific in situ hybridization assays were performed on a selected subset of histological samples whose PCR results indicated dual or atypical Perkinsus sp. infections. PCR assays detected P. marinus in 92% of oysters, but the P. chesapeaki PCR assay was positive for only 6% of oysters, and P. marinus was detected by PCR in only one clam. The very low prevalence of P. marinus infections in clams is noteworthy because all surveyed clams were sympatric with oyster populations showing high P. marinus infection prevalences. P. chesapeaki commonly infected Mya arenaria, Macoma balthica, and Tagelus plebeius clams, as well as the previously unreported P. chesapeaki host clams Mulinia lateralis, Rangia cuneata, and Cyrtopleura costata. Among 30 in vitro isolates propagated from surveyed hosts, 8 P. marinus isolates were exclusively from Crassostrea virginica oysters, and all 22 P. chesapeaki isolates were from clam hosts of 5 different species. Although both P. marinus and P. chesapeaki were previously both shown to be experimentally infective for oyster and clam hosts, this survey of wild bivalves in the Chesapeake Bay region reveals that P. marinus infections occur almost exclusively in oysters, and P. chesapeaki infections predominate among members of at least 6 clam species.