Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
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DOI：
10.2223/jped.1728
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Barbieri, Marco A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silveira, Patrícia P.;Portella, André K.;Barbieri, Marco A.
目的：介绍一个新的科学知识分支，即健康与疾病的发展起源（DOHaD），包括其概念、研究方法和伦理考虑以及这一知识领域的前景。来源：对生物医学文献的非系统综述，旨在确定与所讨论主题相关的历史和当前参考文献。研究结果总结：最近的研究表明，在身体发育的最初阶段遭受的攻击与一生中患慢性疾病（如肥胖、糖尿病和心血管疾病）的风险增加之间存在关联。为了更好地解释这些关联，已经提出了各种各样的模型，如节俭表型，编程和预测适应性反应理论以及匹配或不匹配的概念。这些过程可能涉及的一些机制是：环境对基因表达的影响，通过表观遗传机制；激素信号通过胎盘传递给胎儿或通过哺乳传递给新生儿的影响。结论：卫生部汇集了来自许多不同知识领域的信息，提出了新的调查方法，以阐明在人类发育早期阶段发生的不良事件对一生中健康和疾病模式的影响。这一新的科学领域提出了因果关系的新模型以及涉及慢性疾病出现和发展的机制。这些调查的结果可能对预防慢性疾病产生重大影响，也可能对促进生命不同阶段的健康产生重大影响。
Objective: To present a new branch of scientific knowledge, known as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), covering its concepts, study methods and ethical considerations in addition to the prospects for this area of knowledge.Sources: A non-systematic review of the biomedical literature intended to identify historical and current references related to the subject under discussion.Summary of the findings: Recent studies demonstrate associations between aggressions suffered during the initial phases of somatic development and amplified risk of chronic diseases throughout life, such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. A variety of models have been proposed in attempts to better explain these associations, such as the thrifty phenotype, programming and predictive adaptive response theories and the concept of match or mismatch. Some of the mechanisms possibly involved in these processes are: effects of the environment on gene expression, through epigenetic mechanisms; effects of hormonal signals transmitted to the fetus via the placenta or the newborn via lactation.Conclusions: DOHaD draws together information originating from many different areas of knowledge, proposing new investigative methodologies to elucidate the influence of adverse events that occur during early phases of human development on the pattern of health and disease throughout life. This new scientific field proposes new models of causality and of the mechanisms involved in the emergence and development of chronic diseases. The results of these investigations may result in a significant impact on the prevention of chronic diseases, and also on health promotion in different phases of life.