The human orphan nuclear receptor tailless (TLX, NR2E1) is druggable.

The human orphan nuclear receptor tailless (TLX, NR2E1) is druggable.
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人类孤儿无尾核受体(TLX、NR2E1)是可药物化的。

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0099440
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Webb P
Webb P
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Benod C;Villagomez R;Filgueira CS;Hwang PK;Leonard PG;Poncet-Montange G;Rajagopalan S;Fletterick RJ;Gustafsson JÅ;Webb P

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核受体(NR)是一组重要的配体依赖性转录因子。目前,尚未鉴定出大量孤儿 NR 的天然或合成配体。针对这些孤儿 NR 的小分子将为揭示影响人类健康的调节系统并用药物调节这些途径提供独特的资源。孤儿 NR tailless (TLX、NR2E1) 是一种转录抑制因子,在神经发生和神经干细胞 (NSC) 衍生的脑肿瘤中发挥着重要作用。目前尚无调节 TLX 活性的化学探针,并且尚不清楚 TLX 是否可药物化。为了评估 TLX 配体结合能力,我们创建了 TLX 配体结合域 (LBD) 的同源模型。结果表明,TLX 属于一类新兴的 NR,缺乏 LBD 螺旋 α1 和 α2,并且有可能形成大型开放配体结合袋 (LBP)。使用中等通量筛选策略,我们研究了 20,000 种化合物与纯化的人 TLX 蛋白的直接结合,并验证了与二次(正交)测定的相互作用。然后,我们使用荧光素酶测定评估了经过验证的结合剂对 TLX 活性的影响。结果,我们报告了三种化合物(ccrp1、ccrp2 和 ccrp3)的鉴定,它们以高纳摩尔至低微摩尔范围的亲和力与重组 TLX 蛋白结合,并增强 TLX 转录抑制活性。我们得出结论,TLX 是可成药的,并提出我们的先导化合物可以作为支架来衍生更有效的配体。虽然我们的配体增强了 TLX 抑制活性,但是否有可能开发配体来解除 TLX 活性的抑制仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are an important group of ligand-dependent transcriptional factors. Presently, no natural or synthetic ligand has been identified for a large group of orphan NRs. Small molecules to target these orphan NRs will provide unique resources for uncovering regulatory systems that impact human health and to modulate these pathways with drugs. The orphan NR tailless (TLX, NR2E1), a transcriptional repressor, is a major player in neurogenesis and Neural Stem Cell (NSC) derived brain tumors. No chemical probes that modulate TLX activity are available, and it is not clear whether TLX is druggable. To assess TLX ligand binding capacity, we created homology models of the TLX ligand binding domain (LBD). Results suggest that TLX belongs to an emerging class of NRs that lack LBD helices α1 and α2 and that it has potential to form a large open ligand binding pocket (LBP). Using a medium throughput screening strategy, we investigated direct binding of 20,000 compounds to purified human TLX protein and verified interactions with a secondary (orthogonal) assay. We then assessed effects of verified binders on TLX activity using luciferase assays. As a result, we report identification of three compounds (ccrp1, ccrp2 and ccrp3) that bind to recombinant TLX protein with affinities in the high nanomolar to low micromolar range and enhance TLX transcriptional repressive activity. We conclude that TLX is druggable and propose that our lead compounds could serve as scaffolds to derive more potent ligands. While our ligands potentiate TLX repressive activity, the question of whether it is possible to develop ligands to de-repress TLX activity remains open.
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发表时间: 2012-06-04
期刊: PLOS ONE
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