Altruism toward in-group members as a reputation mechanism
Altruism toward in-group members as a reputation mechanism
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DOI：
10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.09.004
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Yamagishi, Toshio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mifune, Nobuhiro;Hashimoto, Hirofumi;Yamagishi, Toshio
为了验证对监控的敏感性会驱使人们对自己社区的成员表现出利他主义的假设，两个实验研究了眼睛状的绘画是否会促进对内群体成员的利他主义，而不是对外群体成员的利他主义。参与者在独裁者游戏中扮演独裁者的角色，另一个参与者（接受者）来自最小的内组或外组。参与者知道他们的接收者是组内成员还是组外成员，但被告知他们的接收者不知道独裁者的组成员。只有当参与者面对一个显示眼睛的电脑桌面时，才会发生组内偏爱，但没有眼睛时不会发生。这些发现表明，参与者电脑屏幕上显示的眼睛绘画可以作为监控的线索，从而增强了参与者的利他行为。(C)2010年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
To test the hypothesis that sensitivity to monitoring drives people to act altruistically toward members of their own community, two experiments investigated whether an eye-like painting promotes altruism toward in-group members, but not toward out-group members. Participants played the role of dictator in a dictator game with another participant (a recipient) who was from the minimal in-group or out-group. Participants knew whether their recipient was an in-group member or an out-group member, but were informed that their recipient did not know the group membership of the dictator. In-group favoritism occurred only when participants were facing a computer desktop which displayed a painting of eyes, but did not occur in the absence of eyes. These findings demonstrate that the eye painting displayed on the participant's computer screen worked as a cue for monitoring and thus enhanced the participant's altruistic behavior. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.