Allopolyploidization is Not So Simple: Evidence from the Origin of the Tribe Cyprinini (Teleostei: Cypriniformes)
Allopolyploidization is Not So Simple: Evidence from the Origin of the Tribe Cyprinini (Teleostei: Cypriniformes)
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异源多倍化并不那么简单：来自鲤鱼部落（Teleostei：鲤形目）起源的证据
DOI：
10.2174/1566524014666141203101543
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Luo, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma, W.;Zhu, Z. -H.;Luo, J.
异源多倍化事件的鉴定得益于对前体基因组的分子测年和分歧评估。仅关于基因复制的信息，无论是同源基因还是同源基因，都提供了不完整的信息。对线粒体DNA的分析可以洞察母系的历史，这可能不同于父系的进化。两种重要的食用鱼和观赏鱼，鲤鱼(鲤鱼)和金鱼(Carassius sp.)似乎在1200万到2000万年前的某个时候经历了异源四倍体。然而，需要做很多工作来详细说明最初的多倍化事件。在这里，我们使用这组鱼作为模型系统来研究异源多倍化的竞争场景。我们分析了19种鲤科鱼类生长激素(GH)、重组激活蛋白1(RAG1)和HOXA2B基因的核基因，以及母体遗传编辑的12个连锁的线粒体蛋白编码基因，并以两种鲤科鱼类作为外类群分类群。我们的分析阐明了常见鲤鱼和金鱼的父系和母系祖先的系统发育地位。母系发散(10.71-12.42 Ma)的估算明显早于核基因测得的亲代祖先发散年龄(16.62-19.64 Ma)。对两个基因组的分析表明，Cy的共同祖先发生了异源多倍化事件。Carpio和Casp.至约10.71-12.42 Ma，很可能以母体发散时间为代表。比母本标记更古老的核基因的两个拷贝的差异可能包括异源多倍化事件发生时祖先基因组差异的差异。因此，这组鱼的异源多倍体可能是这样的：鲤族物种的母系共同祖先可能通过与鲤亚科的父系祖先交配而使其基因组加倍，这是一个在4.20-8.93 Ma左右分化的姐妹群。我们的工作为鲤鱼体内异源多倍化的分化日期提供了新的证据，并证明了在研究异源多倍化时同时考虑母系和父系历史的必要性。
The identification of allopolyploidization events benefits from molecular dating and divergence assessments of progenitor genomes. Information on gene duplications only, either orthologs or paralogs, provides incomplete information. Analyses of mitochondrial DNA yield insights into matrilineal history, which may differ from patrilineal evolution. Two important food and pet fishes, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (Carassius sp.), appear to have experienced allotetraploidization sometime from 12 to 20 million years ago (Ma). However, much work is necessary to detail the initial polyploidization event. Herein, we use this group of fishes as a model system to investigate competing scenarios for allopolyploidization. We analyze both the nuclear genes encoding growth hormone (GH), recombination activating protein 1 (RAG1) and HOXA2B gene, and the maternal heredited 12 concatenated mitochondrial protein-coding gene in 19 species of cyprinids and use two species in Balitoridae as outgroup taxa. Our analyses clarify the phylogenetic position of the paternal and maternal ancestors for the common carp and goldfish. The estimation of matrilineal divergence (10.71-12.42 Ma) is significantly younger than the dates of the parental ancestor divergedthat obtained by nuclear genes (16.62-19.64 Ma). Analyses of both genomes date the allopolyploidization event of the common ancestor of Cy. carpio and Ca sp. to about 10.71-12.42 Ma, which is most likely represented by maternal divergent time. The divergence of the two copies of the nuclear genes which was more ancient than the maternal markers might have been included the divergence of the progenitors' genome divergence when the allopolyploidization event occurred. Thus, the scenarios of allopolyploidzation for this group of fish can be suggested as the following: the matrilineal common ancestor of species in tribe Cyprinini might have doubled its genome by mating with a paternal ancestor in the subfamily Cyprininae, which was a sister-group that diverged around 4.20-8.93 Ma. Our work provides new evidence for the divergence dates of allopolyploidization within the Cyprinini, and documents the necessity of considering both matrilineal and patrilineal histories when investigating allopolyploidization.