Becoming a migrant : vietnamese emigration to East Asia
Becoming a migrant : vietnamese emigration to East Asia
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成为移民：越南人移民到东亚
作者：
D. Bélanger;Hong
自 20 世纪 90 年代初以来，数百万来自东南亚社会经济较低阶层的男女持有临时工人签证或配偶签证移民到东亚。本文基于对越南农村地区移民原籍社区以及台湾、韩国和日本目的地地区进行的五年实地调查。作者做出了三点贡献：首先，他们认为研究中将移民归类为“工人”或“妻子”掩盖了“成为移民”过程中复杂的轨迹和动机。其次，他们对毫无疑问地援引社交网络方法进行移民的研究提出了挑战。相反，社交网络对于移民来说应该被视为一把双刃剑，因为个人网络嵌入在强大的移民行业中。第三，他们认为移民的结果和成功程度在一定程度上受到出发前发生的过程的影响。本文揭示了移民机构与寻求从越南乃至更广泛的东南亚移民的候选人所面临的结构性限制之间的紧张关系。
Since the early 1990s several million men and women from Southeast Asia’s lower socioeconomic classes have migrated to East Asia with a temporary worker visa or a spousal visa. This article is based on five years of ongoing fieldwork in migrants’ communities of origin in rural Vietnam and in places of destination in Taiwan, South Korea and Japan. The authors make three contributions: first, they argue that the categorization of migrants as either “workers” or “wives” in research obscures the complex trajectories and motives involved in the process of “becoming a migrant.” Second, they challenge studies that unquestioningly invoke social network approaches to migration. Instead, social networks should be regarded as a double-edged sword for emigrants because personal networks are embedded in a powerful migration industry. Third, they contend that migration outcomes and levels of success are, in part, influenced by processes taking place before departure. This article sheds light on the tension between migrants’ agency and the structural constraints faced by candidates seeking to migrate from Vietnam, and from Southeast Asia more broadly.