Physical activity and its impact on health outcomes. Paper 2: Prevention of unhealthy weight gain and obesity by physical activity: an analysis of the evidence.
Physical activity and its impact on health outcomes. Paper 2: Prevention of unhealthy weight gain and obesity by physical activity: an analysis of the evidence.
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1467-789x.2002.00078.x
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
James, W P T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Erlichman, J;Kerbey, A L;James, W P T
目前的身体活动指南是基于预防心血管疾病。在这篇文章中，评估了预防不健康体重增加所需的体力活动的幅度和类型。五类分析被认为是，从最严格的分析（基于D2 O 18的能源消耗措施）的社会生态协会。为了使方法标准化，已发表的关于运动程度的工作被表示为身体活动水平（PAL），即总支出与测量或估计的基础代谢率的比率。D2 O 18、活动模式的直接监测和测量以及大量人群的详细前瞻性研究都表明，PAL ≥ 1.8是限制超重和肥胖成年男性比例的必要条件。关于妇女的数据更难解释，因为妇女不太活跃，与体力活动的关系通常不太清楚。PAL>1.75的肥胖后女性不会恢复体重，其他数据与PAL>或= 1.8的需求一致。对两性的分析主要基于生活在西方社会的成年人，他们可以随时获得高能量食物。剧烈活动与体重稳定性的关系更明显，允许更高强度的一般活动运动，并缩短达到PAL 1.8所需的时间。这种活动水平相当于通常只进行适度运动的成年人额外快走60-90分钟。这些需求高于目前建议的心血管益处水平，这意味着如果社会要普遍变得更加活跃并避免不健康的体重增加，就需要不同的环境政策，而不是健康教育政策。
The current guidelines for physical activity are based on the prevention of cardiovascular disease. In this article the magnitude and type of physical activity required to prevent unhealthy weight gain are assessed. Five categories of analyses are considered, ranging from the most rigorous analyses (based on D2O18 measures of energy expenditure) to socio-ecological associations. To standardize the approach, published work on the extent of exercise was expressed as a physical activity level (PAL), i.e. the ratio of total expenditure to the measured or estimated basal metabolic rate. D2O18, direct monitoring and measurements of activity patterns and detailed prospective studies of substantial population groups all suggest that a PAL of > or = 1.8 is required to limit the proportion of overweight and obese adult men. Data on women are more difficult to interpret because women are less active and the relationship with physical activity is usually less clear. Post-obese women with a PAL of >1.75 do not regain weight and other data are consistent with the need for a PAL of > or = 1.8. The analyses in both sexes are based predominantly on adults living in a Western society with the ready availability of energy-dense foods. Vigorous activity is more clearly linked to weight stability, allows a higher intensity of exercise for general activities and shortens the time needed for achieving a PAL of 1.8. This activity level is equivalent to an additional 60-90 min of brisk walking in adults who normally undertake only modest exercise. These demands are greater than the current suggested levels for cardiovascular benefit and imply the need for different environmental policies, rather than health education policies, if societies are to become generally more active and avoid unhealthy weight gain.