Addiction Mindsets and Psychological Processes of Quitting Smoking.
Addiction Mindsets and Psychological Processes of Quitting Smoking.
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成瘾心态和戒烟的心理过程。
DOI：
10.1080/10826084.2018.1555259
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bricker,Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sridharan,Vasundhara;Shoda,Yuichi;Heffner,JaimeeL;Bricker,Jonathan
背景：关于人类属性可塑性的非专业信念系统已被证明会影响多个领域的行为变化。成瘾心态——即关于成瘾的永久性（与可塑性）的信念——可能会影响吸烟者戒烟的能力，但这从未被检验过。 目标：本研究的目的是开发成瘾心态的衡量标准（研究 1）并检查其与戒烟的各个心理方面的关联（研究 2）。方法：在研究 1 中，使用对当前吸烟者和非吸烟者的因子分析(n= 600) 对 22 个旨在衡量成瘾心态的项目的回答，我们开发了可靠的六项成瘾心态量表 (AMS)。在研究 2 中，成年吸烟者 (n= 200) 完成了 AMS 以及与吸烟相关的许多心理过程的测量。 结果：AMS 得分较高，表明相信成瘾是可塑的（称为成长心态），与更大的戒烟动机、更大的戒烟承诺、更高的戒烟自我效能、更少将失败归因于缺乏改变成瘾的能力以及更少的自我报告障碍呈正显着相关戒烟（allp < .05）。结论：这项研究的结果表明，对成瘾持久性的信念与与戒烟相关的心理过程之间存在关系。这些发现强调了未来研究的潜力，探索成瘾心态与成功戒烟以及其他类型的成瘾行为之间的关系，以及如何将它们应用于改变人们的行为。
Background: Lay belief systems about the malleability of human attributes have been shown to impact behavior change in multiple domains. Addictionmindset—i.e., beliefs about the permanence (vs. malleability) of addiction — may affect cigarette smokers’ ability to quit, but this has never been examined.Objectives: The aims of the present research were to develop a measure of addiction mindset (study 1) and examine its associations with various psychological aspects of quitting smoking (study 2).Methods: In Study 1, using factor analysis of current smokers’ and nonsmokers’ (n= 600) responses to 22 items designed to measure addiction mindset, we developed a reliable six-itemAddiction Mindset Scale(AMS). In Study 2, adult smokers (n= 200) completed the AMS, and measures of a number of psychological processes related to smoking.Results: Higher scores on the AMS, indicative of the belief that addiction is malleable (referred to as a growth mindset), were positively and significantly associated with greater motivation to quit, greater commitment to quitting, greater self-efficacy to abstain, less attribution of failure to lack of ability to change addiction, and fewer self-reported barriers to cessation (allp’s < .05).Conclusions: The results of this study show a relationship between the beliefs about the permanence of addiction and psychological processes relevant to quitting smoking. The findings underscore the potential of future research exploring how addiction mindsets relate to successful smoking cessation as well as other types of addictive behavior and how they can be applied to change people’s behavior.