Differential salivary gland transcript expression profile in Ixodes scapularis nymphs upon feeding or flavivirus infection
Differential salivary gland transcript expression profile in Ixodes scapularis nymphs upon feeding or flavivirus infection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ttbdis.2011.09.003
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Bloom, Marshall E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McNally, Kristin L.;Mitzel, Dana N.;Bloom, Marshall E.
硬蜱是人类疾病如莱姆病、巴贝虫病、无形体病和蜱传脑炎的媒介。这些疾病在世界范围内引起显著的发病率和死亡率，并在蜱虫喂养期间传播给人类。蜱-宿主-病原体界面是一个复杂的环境，其中宿主的反应由蜱唾液中的分子调节，以获得血餐。在蜱叮咬部位破坏宿主反应也可能为病原体的生存和复制提供优势。因此，蜱唾液中的分子不仅有助于蜱获得营养丰富的血餐，而且还可以增强病原体的传播和获得。为了研究摄食和黄病毒感染对蜱唾液腺转录本表达谱的影响，利用肩突硬蜱唾液腺cDNA文库中的EST构建了第一代芯片。当比较3天内喂食蜱的唾液腺转录物谱与未喂食蜱的唾液腺转录物谱时，观察到与代谢相关的转录物显著增加。具体而言，578转录上调相比，151下调转录响应喂养。当分析附着后的特定时间点时，观察到基因表达的时间模式。当将Langat病毒感染的蜱与模拟感染的蜱进行比较时，在喂养的所有3天都观察到转录物表达的变化。差异调节的转录物包括推定的分泌蛋白、脂质运载蛋白、含Kunitz结构域的蛋白、抗微生物肽和未知功能的转录物。这些研究确定唾液腺转录的差异调节过程中喂养或在黄病毒感染的情况下，肩突硬蜱，一种医学上重要的疾病载体。对这些转录本的进一步分析可以确定影响蜱传黄病毒传播或复制的唾液因子。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
Ixodid ticks are vectors of human diseases such as Lyme disease, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, and tick-borne encephalitis. These diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and are transmitted to humans during tick feeding. The tick-host-pathogen interface is a complex environment where host responses are modulated by the molecules in tick saliva to enable the acquisition of a blood meal. Disruption of host responses at the site of the tick bite may also provide an advantage for pathogens to survive and replicate. Thus, the molecules in tick saliva not only aid the tick in securing a nutrient-rich blood meal, but can also enhance the transmission and acquisition of pathogens. To investigate the effect of feeding and flavivirus infection on the salivary gland transcript expression profile in ticks, a first-generation microarray was developed using ESTs from a cDNA library derived from Ixodes scapularis salivary glands. When the salivary gland transcript profile in ticks feeding over the course of 3 days was compared to that in unfed ticks, a dramatic increase in transcripts related to metabolism was observed. Specifically, 578 transcripts were up-regulated compared to 151 down-regulated transcripts in response to feeding. When specific time points post attachment were analyzed, a temporal pattern of gene expression was observed. When Langat virus-infected ticks were compared to mock-infected ticks, transcript expression changes were observed at all 3 days of feeding. Differentially regulated transcripts include putative secreted proteins, lipocalins, Kunitz domain-containing proteins, anti-microbial peptides, and transcripts of unknown function. These studies identify salivary gland transcripts that are differentially regulated during feeding or in the context of flavivirus infection in Ixodes scapularis nymphs, a medically important disease vector. Further analysis of these transcripts may identify salivary factors that affect the transmission or replication of tick-borne flaviviruses. Published by Elsevier GmbH.