Rats show adaptive choice in a metacognitive task with high uncertainty.
Rats show adaptive choice in a metacognitive task with high uncertainty.
复制标题
老鼠在具有高度不确定性的元认知任务中表现出适应性选择。
DOI：
10.1037/xan0000130
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuki;S.;& Okanoya;K
元认知指的是使用一个人的认知过程来协调行为。许多高级认知功能，如认知感觉、判断和心理理论被认为是元认知过程。虽然一些灵长类物种也表现出这种能力的形式，行为控制，元认知的啮齿动物模型是需要在行为，分子和神经水平的这种现象的深入研究。在这里，我们表明，大鼠可以可靠地在元认知任务的培训。这些老鼠被训练记住一个鼻子戳洞的位置，然后通过一个行为任务指出这个位置。老鼠可以选择展示他们的记忆或切换到更容易的任务（逃跑）。四只大鼠用于二选择元认知任务，三只用于六选择任务。在六项选择任务中，大鼠通过利用逃跑选项来增加获得奖励的可能性，以换取每次正确试验获得的奖励金额减少。此外，大鼠在样本省略试验中比在标准试验中逃脱更多。结果与大鼠具有元认知的假设一致，并可作为进一步研究大鼠元认知的基准。然而，在二选择任务中，大鼠并没有适应性地使用逃避反应。这些结果与在卷尾猴中观察到的结果一致。啮齿类动物和灵长类动物在任务转换方面的相似性，为元认知的比较研究提供了可能。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2017阿帕，保留所有权利）
Metacognition refers to the use of one’s cognitive processes to coordinate behavior. Many higher cognitive functions such as feeling-of-knowing judgment and theory of mind are thought to be metacognitive processes. Although some primate species also show this ability in the form of behavioral control, a rodent model of metacognition is required for advanced studies of this phenomenon at behavioral, molecular, and neural levels. Here we show that rats could reliably be trained in a metacognitive task. The rats were trained to remember the location of a nose-poke hole and later indicate the location via a behavioral task. Rats had options of either demonstrating their memory or switching to an easier task (escape). Four rats were used in a two-choice metacognitive task, and 3 were used in a six-choice task. In the six-choice task, rats increased the likelihood of receiving a reward by utilizing the option to escape, in exchange for a decrease in the amount of reward received per correct trial. Furthermore, rats escaped more in sample-omitted trials than in standard trials. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that rats have metacognition, and could be utilized as a benchmark for further metacognition studies in rats. However, rats in the two-choice task did not use the escape response adaptively. These results were consistent with those seen in capuchin monkeys. Similarity between rodents and primates in task switching should expand the possibility of comparative studies of metacognition.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)