Growth, stress and non-specific immune responses of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae exposed to different light spectra
Growth, stress and non-specific immune responses of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae exposed to different light spectra
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.734950
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发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Lele Wu;Yunong Wang;Mingming Han;Z. Song;Changbin Song;Shihong Xu;Jun Li;Yanfeng Wang;Xian Li;Xinlu Yue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lele Wu;Yunong Wang;Mingming Han;Z. Song;Changbin Song;Shihong Xu;Jun Li;Yanfeng Wang;Xian Li;Xinlu Yue
养殖鱼类的福利是水产养殖中的一个重要问题。培养系统中的环境光尤其值得关注。本研究将大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）幼虫从胚胎期至孵化后60天（dph）暴露在四种不同的光谱下：全光谱（LDF）、蓝色（LDB，峰值在450 nm）、橙色（LDO，峰值在595 nm）和红色（LDR，峰值在629 nm）。在此期间，对大比目鱼的生长和免疫反应进行了评估。采集全鱼组织样本并称重。测定10、20、30、40、50和60 dph时胰岛素样生长因子- 1 （IGF-I）、热休克蛋白70 （HSP70）、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、金属硫蛋白（MT）、溶菌酶（LZM）、组织蛋白酶D （CTSD）、组织蛋白酶F (CTSF) mRNA表达水平以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、CAT和过氧化物酶（POD）酶活性。结果表明：在20、40、50和60 dph条件下，LDB对大菱鲆幼虫的生长有积极影响，而在10和30 dph条件下，这种影响不显著；IGF-I mRNA水平也表现出类似的趋势，表明IGF-I与体细胞生长之间存在重要的相互作用。光谱对大菱鲆幼虫胁迫响应的影响具有阶段性。在10 dph时，在变形之前，长波可以引起大比目鱼幼虫的应激反应。在20 dph时，不同光谱下的幼虫开始变态，未见明显的胁迫反应；而LDO显著上调SOD、CAT、POD和LZM活性。变态持续到56英里每小时。在20 ~ 60 dph长波（LDR和LDO）下，HSP70、GST、CAT、MT、LZM、CTSD和CTSF mRNA的表达水平较高。SOD、CAT、POD和LZM活性受到抑制，表明酶消耗增加以维持体内平衡。总之，我们的研究结果表明，LDF应在大比目鱼变态前使用，LDB应在变态后使用。这些发现与野外大比目鱼幼虫在变态过程中所经历的光谱变化相一致。
The welfare of farmed fish is an important issue in aquaculture. There is particular concern regarding ambient light in culture systems. In the current study, turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae were exposed to four different light spectra: full spectrum (LDF), blue (LDB, peak at 450 nm), orange (LDO, peak at 595 nm) and red (LDR, peak at 629 nm) from the embryo stage to 60 days post hatching (dph). During this time, the growth and immune response of the turbot were evaluated. Whole fish tissue samples were collected and weighed. mRNA expression levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), metallothionein (MT), lysozyme (LZM), cathepsin D (CTSD), cathepsin F (CTSF) and the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and peroxidase (POD) were measured at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 dph. The results showed that LDB had a positive effect on the growth of turbot larvae at 20, 40, 50 and 60 dph, while this effect was not significant at 10 and 30 dph. Levels of IGF-I mRNA also showed a similar tendency, indicating the crucial interaction between IGF-I and somatic growth. The effect of light spectrum on the stress response of turbot larvae was stage specific. At 10 dph, prior to metamorphosis, long wavelengths could induce a stress response in turbot larvae. At 20 dph, metamorphosis began and no significant stress response was observed in larvae exposed to different light spectra; however, LDO significantly up-regulated SOD, CAT, POD and LZM activity. Metamorphosis continued until 56 dph. From 20 to 60 dph long wavelengths (LDR and LDO) resulted in a stress response characterized by high mRNA expression levels of HSP70, GST, CAT, MT, LZM, CTSD and CTSF. SOD, CAT, POD and LZM activities were inhibited, indicating increased enzyme consumption to maintain homeostasis. Overall, our results suggested that LDF should be used in turbot culture systems prior to metamorphosis and LDB should be used after metamorphosis. These findings are in keeping with the changes in light spectra experienced by turbot larvae undergoing metamorphosis in the wild.