Goal-directed recruitment of Pavlovian biases through selective visual attention

Goal-directed recruitment of Pavlovian biases through selective visual attention
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通过选择性视觉注意以目标为导向招募巴甫洛夫偏见

DOI:
10.1101/2022.04.05.487113
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
bioRxiv
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
H. D. den Ouden
H. D. den Ouden
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
J. Algermissen;H. D. den Ouden

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预期结果以“巴甫洛夫”的方式使行为产生偏差:奖励前景使行为变得更好,而惩罚前景则抑制了行为。理论认为巴甫洛夫偏差是在不熟悉或不可控的环境中的全局行为“先验”。然而,这种解释无法解释这些偏见的强度--导致频繁的动作失误--即使是在众所周知的环境中。我们建议,巴甫洛夫控制是另外有用的,如果灵活地招募工具控制。具体而言,工具性行动计划可能会形成对奖励/惩罚信息的选择性注意,从而形成对巴甫洛夫控制的输入。在两个眼动追踪样本(N = 35/ 64)中,我们观察到Go/ NoGo行动计划影响了参与者何时以及多久注意奖励/惩罚信息,这反过来又以巴甫洛夫的方式使他们的反应产生偏差。具有较强注意力效应的参与者表现出更高的表现。因此,人类似乎将巴甫洛夫控制与他们的工具性行动计划相结合,将其作用扩展到行动默认之外,成为确保强大行动执行的强大工具。
Prospective outcomes bias behavior in a “Pavlovian” manner: Reward prospect invigorates action, while punishment prospect suppresses it. Theories have posited Pavlovian biases as global action “priors” in unfamiliar or uncontrollable environments. However, this account fails to explain the strength of these biases—causing frequent action slips—even in well-known environments. We propose that Pavlovian control is additionally useful if flexibly recruited by instrumental control. Specifically, instrumental action plans might shape selective attention to reward/ punishment information and thus the input to Pavlovian control. In two eye-tracking samples (N = 35/ 64), we observed that Go/ NoGo action plans influenced when and for how long participants attended to reward/ punishment information, which in turn biased their responses in a Pavlovian manner. Participants with stronger attentional effects showed higher performance. Thus, humans appear to align Pavlovian control with their instrumental action plans, extending its role beyond action defaults to a powerful tool ensuring robust action execution.
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