Civil Desobedience: Litmus Test for the Democratic Constitutional State
Civil Desobedience: Litmus Test for the Democratic Constitutional State
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公民抗命：民主宪政国家的试金石
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Habermas
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Habermas
在《理论与实践》（Boston, 1973）一书的导言中，哈贝马斯将他的学术计划描述为“发展一种具有实践意图的社会理论”的尝试。在对他的工作的简要概述中，他接着描述了技术问题和实践问题之间的区别，技术问题主要承认工具性计算，而实践问题“是为了接受或拒绝规范而提出的，特别是行动规范，我们可以用理由支持或反对其有效性的主张”（第1、3页）。下面这篇文章是哈贝马斯在理论领域帮助激发的那种实践政治话语的一个极好的例子。批判理论的关注点和方法在试图通过分析现代国家的哲学基础来为公民不服从辩护时是显而易见的。由于这一机构是由人类创造的，其规范的历史本质绝不能被遗忘。通过阐释宪政的道德基础，哈贝马斯试图为当代西德关于法律本质的争论提供实践内容。
In the introductory essay to the volume Theory and Practice (Boston, 1973), Habermas describes his intellectual project as an attempt to "develop the idea of a theory of society conceived with practical intention." He proceeds in this brief survey of his work to delineate the differences between technical questions, which admit primarily of instrumental calculation, and practical questions, which "are posed with a view to the acceptance or rejection of norms, especially norms for action, the claims to validity of which we can support or oppose with reasons" (pp. 1, 3). The following article is an excellent example of the sort of practical political discourse which Habermas has helped to stimulate in the realm of theory. The concerns and methods of critical theory are apparent in the attempt to justify civil disobedience by an analysis of the philosophical underpinnings of the modern state. Because that institution is a human creation par excellence, the historical nature of its norms must not be forgotten. By making the moral foundations of constitutionalism accessible, Habermas seeks to give practical substance to the debates over the nature of law in contemporary West Germany.