The association between permit-to-purchase laws and shootings by police.
The association between permit-to-purchase laws and shootings by police.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40621-023-00439-4
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发表时间：
2023-06-29
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Doucette, Mitchell L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crifasi, Cassandra K.;Ward, Julie;McCourt, Alex D.;Webster, Daniel;Doucette, Mitchell L.
警方的致命和非致命枪击是一个公共卫生问题，需要进行更多的研究。之前的研究已经记录了警察致命枪击事件与枪支拥有权、立法力量得分以及宽松的隐蔽携带武器法律之间的联系。尽管对其他与枪支相关的结果进行了研究，但人们对购买许可证(PTP)法律对警方枪击事件的影响知之甚少。我们从2015年至2020年的枪支暴力档案中产生了致命和非致命的OIS计数。我们用泊松分布和稳健的标准误差进行了横截面回归建模。除了PTP，我们还包括几项可能与警方枪击有关的州级政策：仅限全面背景调查(CBC)法、隐蔽携带许可法、坚守阵地法、禁止暴力轻罪和极端风险保护令(ERPO)。我们对州级人口统计特征进行了控制，并纳入了人口偏移量以生成发病率比率(IRR)。PTP法律与警察枪击率降低28%有关[IRR0.72，95%可信区间(CI)0.64-0.81]。应发布(IRR = 1.34，95%CI 1.17-1.53)和无许可(IRR = 1.61，95%CI 1.35-1.91)隐蔽携带法和仅适用于CBC的法律(IRR = 1.12，95%CI 1.01-1.25)与较高的警察枪击率相关。坚持自己的立场，禁止暴力轻罪，ERPO法律与警察枪击事件无关。我们的研究发现，PTP法律与明显较低的警察枪击率有关。取消对平民隐蔽携带的限制与明显更高的比率相关。州级枪支政策可能是解决警察枪击事件的杠杆。
Fatal and nonfatal shootings by police are a public health issue that warrants additional research. Prior research has documented associations between fatal shootings by police and gun ownership, legislative strength scores, and lax concealed carry weapons laws. Despite research on other firearm-related outcomes, little is known about the impact of permit-to-purchase (PTP) laws on shootings by police. We generated counts of fatal and nonfatal OIS from the Gun Violence Archive from 2015 to 2020. We conducted cross-sectional regression modeling with a Poisson distribution and robust standard errors. In addition to PTP, we included several state-level policies that may be associated with shootings by police: comprehensive background check only (CBC-only) laws, concealed carry licensing laws, stand your ground laws, violent misdemeanor prohibitions, and extreme risk protection orders (ERPO). We controlled for state-level demographic characteristics and included a population offset to generate incidence rate ratios (IRR). PTP laws were associated with a 28% lower rate in shootings by police [IRR = 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.81]. Shall Issue (IRR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.17–1.53) and Permitless (IRR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.35–1.91) concealed carry laws and CBC-only laws (IRR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.01–1.25) were associated with higher rates of shootings by police. Stand your ground, violent misdemeanor prohibitions, and ERPO laws were not associated with shootings by police. Our study found that PTP laws were associated with significantly lower rates of shootings by police. Removing restrictions on civilian concealed carry was associated with significantly higher rates. State-level firearm policies may be a lever to address shootings by police.