Biological calorimetry and the thermodynamics of the origination and evolution of life
Biological calorimetry and the thermodynamics of the origination and evolution of life
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DOI：
10.1351/pac-con-08-09-09
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Battley, Edwin H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hansen, Lee D.;Criddle, Richard S.;Battley, Edwin H.
对从小分子到整个生物体的生物系统的量热测量产生了关于生命物质本质的新概念，这对我们对生物学的理解产生了深远的影响。数据显示，分子的随机混合物和相同成分的生命物质之间的吉布斯能量 (Delta G) 和焓 (Delta H) 差异接近于零或负值，熵差异 (Delta S) 接近于零。需要持续输入能量来维持离子梯度、ATP 产生和生命物质的其他功能，但由于细胞是在自发过程中组织的，因此不需要能量输入来维持细胞的结构或组织。因此，生命的起源和复杂生命形式的进化是通过热力学自发过程发生的，碳基生命应该在整个宇宙中普遍存在，并且由于没有能量成本，进化可以相对快速地发生。
Calorimetric measurements on biological systems from small molecules to whole organisms lead to a new conception of the nature of live matter that has profound consequences for our understanding of biology. The data show that the differences in Gibbs energy (Delta G) and enthalpy (Delta H) are near zero or negative and the difference in entropy (Delta S) is near zero between a random mixture of molecules and live matter of the same composition. A constant input of energy is required to maintain ion gradients, ATP production, and the other functions of living matter, but because cells are organized in a spontaneous process, no energy input is required to maintain the structure or organization of cells. Thus, the origin of life and evolution of complex life forms occurs by thermodynamically spontaneous processes, carbon-based life should be common throughout the universe, and because there is no energy cost, evolution can occur relatively rapidly.