Perceptions of Cyberstalking: Impact of Perpetrator Gender and Cyberstalker/Victim Relationship
Perceptions of Cyberstalking: Impact of Perpetrator Gender and Cyberstalker/Victim Relationship
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DOI：
10.1177/0886260518784590
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发表时间：
2021-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Terrance, Cheryl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahlgrim, Billea;Terrance, Cheryl
网络跟踪是一个相对较新的现象，实证研究有限。因此，尽管犯罪很严重，但流行率是不可靠的，估计也存在很大差异。由于社区对网络跟踪行为的理解有限，网络跟踪很可能被低估。网络跟踪有许多独特的因素，这些因素可能会影响犯罪的报告程度，以及肇事者或受害者的责任程度。目前的研究旨在调查犯罪者的性别，以及犯罪者与受害者（前亲密者与陌生人）之间的关系对网络跟踪感知的影响。参与者阅读了为这项研究设计的四个场景中的一个，这些场景在受害者的性别和网络跟踪者与受害者的关系上有所不同。犯罪者的性别影响了人们对该情景的看法，例如男性犯罪者被认为更危险。男性犯罪者的场景被认为更符合网络跟踪行为，其行为本质上是非法的。研究发现，受害者的性别会影响受害者受到指责的程度，例如女性受害者受到的指责比男性受害者少。与此同时，男性受害者被更多地指责为网络跟踪行为的发生，他们作为受害者的主张不那么认真，被认为不那么合法。最后，研究发现参与者的性别会影响对网络跟踪情景的认知。
Cyberstalking is a relatively new phenomenon with limited empirical research. Consequently, despite the seriousness of the crime, prevalence rates are unreliable and estimates suffer from vast variation. Cyberstalking is likely to be underreported due to limited community understanding of what behaviors constitute cyberstalking. There are many factors unique to cyberstalking which may impact the extent to which the crime is reported, and the extent to which the perpetrator or victim is held responsible. The current study aimed to examine the impact of perpetrator gender, and the relationship between the perpetrator and victim (ex-intimate vs. stranger) on perceptions of cyberstalking. Participants read one of four scenarios, designed for this study, which varied in victim gender and cyberstalker-victim relationship. Perpetrator gender impacted perceptions of the scenario, such that the male perpetrator was viewed as more dangerous. Scenarios with a male perpetrator were perceived as more consistent with cyberstalking and the behavior as illegal in nature. Victim gender was found to impact the amount of blame a victim receives, such that the female victim was attributed less blame than the male victim. Meanwhile, the male victim was blamed more for the occurrence of the cyberstalking behavior, and their claims as a victim were taken less seriously and perceived as less legitimate. Finally, participant gender was found to impact perceptions toward the cyberstalking scenarios.