Influences of personal, injunctive, and descriptive norms on early adolescent substance use
Influences of personal, injunctive, and descriptive norms on early adolescent substance use
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DOI：
10.1177/002204260603600107
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Hecht, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elek, E;Miller-Day, M;Hecht, ML
社会规范在青少年物质使用中发挥着重要作用。规范焦点理论（Cialdini、Reno 和 Kallgren，1990）区分了三种类型的规范：命令性规范、描述性规范和个人规范。本研究考察了这三种规范的相对影响，以及性别和种族对 2,245 名墨西哥或墨西哥裔美国学生、676 名其他拉丁裔或多民族拉丁裔学生、756 名非西班牙裔白人学生和 353 名非裔美国学生同时使用药物的影响。个人规范似乎是物质使用最有力的重要预测因素。描述性规范、父母禁令和朋友禁令规范也显示出显着但较弱的影响。控制意图会降低每种规范的预测能力，尤其是个人规范。性别调节规范与物质使用之间的关系，其中男性的关系通常更强。对于墨西哥裔/墨西哥裔美国人来说，个人规范可以更有效地预测某些类型的药物使用情况。
Social norms play an important role in adolescent substance use. Norm focus theory (Cialdini, Reno, & Kallgren, 1990) distinguishes three types of norms: injunctive, descriptive, and personal. This study examines the relative influences of these three norms, as well as the moderating effects of gender and ethnicity, on the concurrent substance use of 2,245 Mexican or Mexican-American students, 676 students of other Latino or multiethnic Latino origin, 756 non-Hispanic White students, and 353 African-American students. Personal norms appear to be the strongest significant predictor of substance use. Descriptive, parental injunctive, and friend injunctive norms also demonstrate significant, though weaker influences. Controlling for intentions reduces the predictive ability of each type of norm, especially personal norms. Gender moderates the relationship between norms and substance use with the relationships generally stronger for males. Personal norms act as stronger predictors of some types of substance use for Mexican/Mexican Americans.