Genome-Wide Association and Genomic Selection for Resistance to Amoebic Gill Disease in Atlantic Salmon.
Genome-Wide Association and Genomic Selection for Resistance to Amoebic Gill Disease in Atlantic Salmon.
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DOI：
10.1534/g3.118.200075
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发表时间：
2018-03-28
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Houston RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robledo D;Matika O;Hamilton A;Houston RD
阿米巴鳃病（AGD）是鲑鱼养殖业面临的最大威胁之一，造成了严重的经济和动物福利负担。治疗可能昂贵且对环境有害，因此需要替代策略。抗病育种有助于预防和控制AGD，在选定的种群中提供长期累积效益。与基于谱系的方法相比，使用基因组选择可以提高准确性，从而加快抗病选择的速度。这项工作的目的是量化和表征鲑鱼抗AGD的遗传变异，该性状的遗传结构，以及基因组选择对疾病控制的潜力。在约1500条大西洋鲑鱼中进行了AGD挑战，使用鳃损伤和阿米巴负荷作为宿主抗性的指示性状。这两个性状都是可遗传的（h2 ~ 0.25-0.30），并表现出高度正相关，表明它们可能是衡量寄主对AGD抗性的良好指标。虽然抗性的遗传结构在本质上似乎主要是多基因的，但18号染色体上的两个区域显示出与两种AGD抗性性状有关。使用交叉验证方法，基因组预测精度比使用系谱获得的精度高出18%，并且将标记密度降低到~ 2,000个snp足以获得与使用整个数据集获得的精度相似的准确性。这项研究表明，抗AGD是一种适合基因组选择的性状，将这种性状添加到大西洋鲑鱼育种计划中可以产生更多的抗AGD种群。
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is one of the largest threats to salmon aquaculture, causing serious economic and animal welfare burden. Treatments can be expensive and environmentally damaging, hence the need for alternative strategies. Breeding for disease resistance can contribute to prevention and control of AGD, providing long-term cumulative benefits in selected stocks. The use of genomic selection can expedite selection for disease resistance due to improved accuracy compared to pedigree-based approaches. The aim of this work was to quantify and characterize genetic variation in AGD resistance in salmon, the genetic architecture of the trait, and the potential of genomic selection to contribute to disease control. An AGD challenge was performed in ∼1,500 Atlantic salmon, using gill damage and amoebic load as indicator traits for host resistance. Both traits are heritable (h2 ∼0.25-0.30) and show high positive correlation, indicating they may be good measurements of host resistance to AGD. While the genetic architecture of resistance appeared to be largely polygenic in nature, two regions on chromosome 18 showed suggestive association with both AGD resistance traits. Using a cross-validation approach, genomic prediction accuracy was up to 18% higher than that obtained using pedigree, and a reduction in marker density to ∼2,000 SNPs was sufficient to obtain accuracies similar to those obtained using the whole dataset. This study indicates that resistance to AGD is a suitable trait for genomic selection, and the addition of this trait to Atlantic salmon breeding programs can lead to more resistant stocks.