Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity and Phylogeography of Mus musculus castaneus in Northern Punjab, Pakistan
Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity and Phylogeography of Mus musculus castaneus in Northern Punjab, Pakistan
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DOI：
10.2108/zs170086
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Raja, Ghazala Kaukab
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bibi, Shahnaz;Nadeem, Muhammad Sajid;Raja, Ghazala Kaukab
伊朗、阿富汗、巴基斯坦和印度西北部地区已被提议作为小家鼠的原产地。但尽管事实上巴基斯坦涵盖了其范围的重要组成部分，M. m.除了过去研究中包含的极少数样本外，巴基斯坦的栗种群尚未成为深入的遗传和生物地理学研究的对象。我们研究了 M. m. 的遗传变异。通过对 98 名个体的样本进行细胞色素 b (Cytb) 分析，发现来自巴基斯坦旁遮普省北部的castaneus (CAS)。中值连接网络揭示了在一个小地理区域内共存的四个高度分化的 CAS 亚谱系；此前人们认为这些地区的地理分布基本上不重叠。此外，来自巴基斯坦的单倍型在网络中占据中心位置，所有已识别的全球单倍型也存在于巴基斯坦。根据单倍型和核苷酸多样性指数，所有已鉴定的 CAS 亚谱系均被证明具有高度多样性。 Tajima 的 D 检验和 Fu 的 Fs 中立性检验表明最近所有亚系的种群数量都在扩张。使用 2.5%、5% 和 11% 的替代率，扩增时间分别估计为 21,760-134,930、10,800-64,400 和 4950-30,665 ybp。我们的结果支持这样的假设：巴基斯坦北部旁遮普省是 M. m. 最有可能的来源地区。栗，并且该地区的 CAS 亚谱系在不同时期经历了快速的人口扩张事件，这些事件似乎受益于人类介导的运输，尽管其中之一显然早于该地区人类住区的建立。
Regions of Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and northwestern India have been proposed as the place of origin of Mus musculus castaneus. But despite the fact that Pakistan encompasses an important part of its range, M. m. castaneus populations in Pakistan have not been the subject of intensive genetic and biogeographic studies, except for a very small number of samples included in past studies. We studied genetic variation in M. m. castaneus (CAS) from northern Punjab Province, Pakistan, by using cytochrome b (Cytb) analysis in a sample of 98 individuals. Median-joining network revealed four well differentiated CAS sub-lineages coexisting within a small geographical region; these had previously been thought to have largely non-overlapping geographic distributions. Moreover, haplotypes from Pakistan occupied a central position in the network and all identified global haplotypes were also present in Pakistan. All identified CAS sub-lineages proved to be highly diverse on the basis of haplotype and nucleotide diversity indices. Tajima's D test and Fu's Fs tests of neutrality suggest recent population expansions in all sub-lineages. Expansion times were estimated as 21,760-134,930, 10,800-64,400 and 4950-30,665 ybp using substitution rates of 2.5%, 5% and 11%, respectively. Our results support the hypothesis that northern Punjab Province in Pakistan is the most likely source area for M. m. castaneus, and that the CAS sub-lineages in this region have undergone rapid population expansion events at different time periods, which appear to have benefitted from human-mediated transport, although one of them clearly predates the establishment of human settlements in this region.