Dispersal decisions and personality in a freshwater fish
Dispersal decisions and personality in a freshwater fish
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.07.012
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Morrongiello, John R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coates, William D.;Hale, Robin;Morrongiello, John R.
从历史上看，物种内个体之间的扩散行为差异在很大程度上被忽视了。相反，我们倾向于假设群体中的所有个体都表达相似的表型。然而，越来越多的证据表明种内变异在扩散倾向中的重要性，以及这种变异如何影响种群动态，以及环境背景在驱动这种行为中的作用。更容易分散的个体可能具有其他特征，例如更大胆或更具侵略性，这些特征共同形成了行为综合征。我们测试的行为综合征在鲤鱼gudgeons（Hypseleotris属）。这是一种复杂的鱼类，一种小型鱼类，发现于澳大利亚东南部断续的溪流中。间歇流是一种环境，选择可能有利于不同的扩散表型的演变，鉴于流动的变量和不可预测的性质。在干旱时期，鱼类在质量和持久性各不相同的避难池中变得孤立，然后在水流恢复时分散。分散可能有成本（例如找不到另一个栖息地的风险），但也有好处（例如找到更好栖息地的机会），这意味着不同的策略（即分散与停留）可能都是有利的，因此会演变。通过一系列实验评估这些鱼出现在新环境中的潜伏期、浅滩倾向以及人工溪流中的运动行为，我们发现（1）流动不太可能是运动线索，以及（2）大胆性、社交性和分散距离是可重复的，与鲤鱼河豚表现出个性的观点一致。据我们所知，这是第一次在栖息于间歇性溪流的淡水鱼中证明行为综合征。这一发现有助于我们了解鲤鱼gudgeons如何通过间歇性的溪流和潜在的动态，使这些鱼坚持在这样的苛刻，水文多变的栖息地。(C)2019动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Historically, the differences in dispersal behaviour between individuals within a species has largely been ignored. Instead, we tend to assume all individuals within a population express similar phenotypes. However, evidence is growing for the importance of intraspecific variability in dispersal propensity and how this variability may influence population dynamics, as well as the role of environmental context in driving this behaviour. Individuals that are more likely to disperse can have other traits, such as being bolder or more aggressive, that collectively form behavioural syndromes. We tested for a behavioural syndrome in carp gudgeons (Hypseleotris spp.) species' complex, a type of small fish found in intermittent streams in southeastern Australia. Intermittent streams are an environment where selection may favour the evolution of different dispersal phenotypes, given the variable and unpredictable nature of flows. During dry periods, fish become isolated in refuge pools that vary in quality and persistence, and then can disperse when flow resumes. Dispersal can have costs (e.g. the risk of not finding another habitat) but also benefits (e.g. opportunity to find better habitat), meaning that different strategies (i.e. dispersing versus staying) may both be advantageous and thus evolve. Through a series of experiments that assessed these fish's latency to emergence into a novel environment and tendency to shoal, as well as movement behaviour in artificial streams, we found that (1) flow is not likely to be a movement cue, and (2) boldness, sociability and dispersal distance were repeatable, consistent with the notion that carp gudgeons exhibit personalities. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a behavioural syndrome in a freshwater fish that inhabits intermittent streams. This finding contributes to our understanding of how carp gudgeons move through intermittent streams and the potential dynamics that allow these fish to persist in such harsh, hydrologically variable habitats. (C) 2019 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.