Optimism, self-efficacy and information processing of threat- and well-being-related stimuli
Optimism, self-efficacy and information processing of threat- and well-being-related stimuli
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/smi.1147
复制
发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sideridis, Georgios D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karademas, Evangelos C.;Kafetsios, Konstantinos;Sideridis, Georgios D.
本研究的目的是检验与气质性乐观和广义自我效能相关的信息偏差是否可以解释一般期望和幸福感之间的联系。本研究采用改良Stroop任务。我们的假设是，自我效能期望高或性格乐观的人会对幸福相关的刺激表现出更大的偏见，而自我效能或乐观度低的人会对威胁相关的刺激表现出偏见。第二个假设是，自我效能感和乐观主义将作为中介的潜伏期，知觉痛苦的关系。102名本科生参加了这项研究。在控制了日常情绪后，结果表明，乐观和自我效能感高的个体对与幸福相关的刺激表现出更大的信息偏见。低自我效能组表现出更大的偏见，对威胁相关的刺激。此外，与我们的假设一致，乐观和自我效能感介导的Stroop颜色命名lasting和感知的痛苦之间的关系。这些研究结果表明，协会，这是指自动化的过程，可能会形成一个额外的方式，通过该期望与功能。版权所有（C）2007约翰威利父子有限公司
The purpose of this study was to examine whether information bias associated with dispositional optimism and generalized self-efficacy can account for the link between general expectations and well-being. A modified Stroop task was used in this study. Our hypothesis was that individuals with high self-efficacy expectations or dispositional optimism would show greater bias towards well-being-related stimuli, whereas individuals with low self-efficacy or optimism would exhibit bias towards threat-related stimuli. A secondary hypothesis was that both self-efficacy and optimism would act as mediators of the latency, perceived distress relationship. One hundred and two undergraduate students participated in the study. After controlling for daily mood, the results showed that individuals high in optimism and self-efficacy showed greater informational bias towards well-being-related stimuli. The low self-efficacy group exhibited greater bias towards threat-related stimuli. Also, consistent with our hypothesis, optimism and self-efficacy mediated the relationship between the Stroop colour-naming latencies and perceived distress. These findings suggest that associations, which refer to automatic processes, may form an additional way through which expectations are related to functioning. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.