Measuring how people spend their time: a time-use survey design
Measuring how people spend their time: a time-use survey design
复制标题
衡量人们如何度过时间：时间使用调查设计
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Stinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Stinson
时间利用研究通常只有一个重点：研究人类活动的频率和持续时间。例如，时间使用情况调查可能会要求受访者报告他们在24小时内做的所有事情，并说明这些行动的开始和停止时间。这种按时间顺序的报告程序避免了其他调查评估程序所遇到的许多陷阱，并且较少受到“社会期望偏差”的扭曲。但在设计时间使用调查时，有许多方法论上的考虑因素需要考虑。关于报告程序和数据收集方式的决定可能会影响数据质量。同样，后续探测的选择和同时活动的处理可以确定可用于准确和可靠地对活动进行编码的信息量。本文描述了劳工统计局时间使用工作组在设计可能的时间使用调查时所面临的方法论决定。它还介绍了该小组作出的方法选择，并为这些选择提供了理由。虽然时间使用研究(即对人们进行的活动的实际列举)可能起源于社会科学和商界的时间管理领域，但国际政府也迅速认识到这一信息的价值。他们的许多与政策有关的问题可以通过时间使用数据来解决。因此，问题并不是“为什么？”应该收集时间使用数据，而不是“如何收集？”它可以被很好地收集。
Time-use studies typically have a single focus: to study the frequency and duration of human activities. For example, time-use surveys may ask respondents to report everything they did during a 24-hour period along with some indication of the starting and stopping times of those actions. This chronological reporting procedure avoids many pitfalls that other survey estimation procedures encounter and is less subject to distortion due to “social desirability bias.” But there are many methodological considerations to take into account when designing a timeuse survey. Decisions concerning reporting procedures and mode of data collection may influence data quality. Likewise, the choice of follow-up probes and the treatment of simultaneous activities can determine the amount of information available for accurate and reliable coding of activities. This article describes the methodological decisions that the BLS time-use working group faced when designing a possible time-use survey. It also presents the methodological choices that the group made and provides the rationale for those selections. While time-use research (that is, the actual enumeration of the activities people perform) may have originated within the social sciences and the time management domain of the business world, international governments have also been quick to recognize the value of this information. A number of their policy-related issues can be addressed with time-use data. Consequently, the question is not so much “why?” time-use data should be collected, but rather, “how?” it can be collected well.