23.6%-efficient monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with improved stability
23.6%-efficient monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with improved stability
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DOI：
10.1038/nenergy.2017.9
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.7
通讯作者：
McGehee, Michael D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bush, Kevin A.;Palmstrom, Axel F.;McGehee, Michael D.
由于钙钛矿太阳能电池的单结效率现在可以与铜铟镓硒，碲化镉和多晶硅的单结效率相媲美，由于其宽，可调的带隙和溶液可加工性，它们在串联太阳能电池中的使用变得越来越有吸引力。以前，钙钛矿/硅串联受到显著的寄生吸收和差的环境稳定性的限制。在这里，我们通过将红外调谐硅异质结底部电池与最近开发的铯甲脒卤化铅钙钛矿相结合，将单片双端1 cm（2）钙钛矿/硅串联的效率提高到23.6%。这种更稳定的钙钛矿容许经由原子层沉积的氧化锡缓冲层的沉积，其防止分流，具有可忽略的寄生吸收，并且允许透明顶部电极的溅射沉积。此外，窗口层还可以作为扩散屏障，提高热稳定性和环境稳定性，使钙钛矿器件能够在85摄氏度和85%相对湿度下经受1,000小时的湿热测试。
As the record single-junction efficiencies of perovskite solar cells now rival those of copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium telluride and multicrystalline silicon, they are becoming increasingly attractive for use in tandem solar cells due to their wide, tunable bandgap and solution processability. Previously, perovskite/silicon tandems were limited by significant parasitic absorption and poor environmental stability. Here, we improve the efficiency of monolithic, two-terminal, 1-cm(2) perovskite/silicon tandems to 23.6% by combining an infrared-tuned silicon heterojunction bottom cell with the recently developed caesium formamidinium lead halide perovskite. This more-stable perovskite tolerates deposition of a tin oxide buffer layer via atomic layer deposition that prevents shunts, has negligible parasitic absorption, and allows for the sputter deposition of a transparent top electrode. Furthermore, the window layer doubles as a diffusion barrier, increasing the thermal and environmental stability to enable perovskite devices that withstand a 1,000-hour damp heat test at 85 degrees C and 85% relative humidity.