Evolution of the "parks as lungs" metaphor: is it still relevant?
Evolution of the "parks as lungs" metaphor: is it still relevant?
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DOI：
10.1080/16078055.2016.1211171
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发表时间：
2017-04-03
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Crompton, John L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crompton, John L.
将城市公园概念化为“城市之肺”是公园领域最经久不衰的隐喻之一。事实上，它经常被不假思索地当作陈词滥调说出来。它的历史可以追溯到200多年前。它在19世纪被广泛采用的原因是，在它的发源地工业城市无处不在的污秽和恶臭的背景下，它具有不同寻常的力量和共鸣。本文描述了形成隐喻的条件；解释其私人和公共利益的维度；追溯了它的起源和传播，包括它从英国到美国的转变，最后评估了它在当代社会中的潜力。
Conceptualizing urban parks as "the lungs of the city" is one of the parks field's most enduring metaphors. Indeed, it is often uttered unthinkingly as a cliche. Its roots date back over 200 years. The reason it was so widely adopted in the nineteenth century is that it was unusually powerful and resonant in the context of the ubiquitous filth and stench in the industrial cities where it originated. This paper describes the conditions which fostered the metaphor; explains its private and public good dimensions; traces its genesis and diffusion, including its transition from England to the US and concludes with an assessment of its potency in contemporary society.