Growth performance and preference studies to evaluate solvent-extracted Brassica napus or Brassica juncea canola meal fed to weaned pigs
Growth performance and preference studies to evaluate solvent-extracted Brassica napus or Brassica juncea canola meal fed to weaned pigs
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.53955
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Zijlstra, R. T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Landero, J. L.;Beltranena, E.;Zijlstra, R. T.
在猪日粮中添加常规黑籽(Brassica Napus)和新型黄籽(Brassica Ciea)菜籽粕(CM)有可能取代大豆(SBM)。我们的目标是研究断奶仔猪对含有SBM、甘蓝型油菜或芥菜型油菜的日粮的偏好，并将其与以前报道的生长性能数据进行比较(试验。1和2)。在实验中1和2，分别用220头和240头断奶仔猪，用高达20%的甘蓝型油菜代替日粮中的SBM来评估生长性能。1)或24%B.芥菜CM(Exp.2)。饲喂含20%甘蓝型油菜的甘蓝型油菜对猪的生长性能没有影响，但增加甘蓝型油菜中甘蓝型油菜的含量，很可能是由于甘蓝型油菜中硫代葡萄糖苷的含量较高，特别是葡萄糖苷的含量较高所致(P<；0.001)日增重、日增重和料重比显著降低。在实验中分别用216头和144头35日龄猪对饲喂20%日粮的SBM、B.napus和B.jiea CM进行了2个偏好性研究。配有2个饲养器的围栏，每个围栏可容纳8或4头猪，在实验中。分别为3和4。将配方为等NE和标准化回肠可消化AA的日粮以成对选择的形式提供(试验3)或颗粒(Exp.4)连续3个7d周期(3d非测试和4d偏好测试)。所提供的3个处理是(I)甘蓝型油菜与甘蓝型油菜，(Ii)甘蓝型油菜与甘蓝型油菜，以及(Iii)甘蓝型油菜与甘蓝型油菜。猪喜欢甘蓝型油菜(P<；0.001)，而不喜欢甘蓝型油菜和芥菜型油菜(P<；0.001)。与甘蓝型油菜相比，高含量的硫代葡萄糖蛋白可能会更大程度地降低芥菜对食物的选择性。总而言之，对猪饲喂CM的偏好研究和生产性能研究之间的对比表明，在生长性能数据验证之前，应该谨慎地解释偏好研究。
Inclusion of conventional dark-seeded (Brassica napus) and novel yellow-seeded (Brassica juncea) canola meal (CM) can potentially replace soybean (Glycine max) meal (SBM) in pig diets. Our objective was to examine the preference of weaned pigs fed diets containing SBM or B. napus or B. juncea CM and to compare it against previously reported growth performance data (Exp. 1 and 2). In Exp. 1 and 2, growth performance was evaluated using 220 and 240 weaned pigs, respectively, by replacing dietary SBM with up to 20% B. napus (Exp. 1) or 24% B. juncea CM (Exp. 2). Feeding up to 20% B. napus CM to pigs did not affect growth performance, but increasing inclusion of B. juncea CM linearly reduced (P < 0.001) ADFI, ADG, and G: F most likely due to the higher content of glucosinolates, particularly gluconapin in B. juncea CM as confirmed by principle component analysis. In Exp. 3 and 4, SBM and B. napus and B. juncea CM fed at 20% dietary inclusion were evaluated in 2 preference studies using 216 and 144 pigs of 35 d of age, respectively. Pens equipped with 2 feeders housed 8 or 4 pigs per pen, in Exp. 3 and 4, respectively. Diets formulated to equal NE and standardized ileal digestible AA were offered in a paired choice as mash (Exp. 3) or pellets (Exp. 4) for 3 consecutive 7-d periods (3 d nontest and 4 d preference test). The 3 treatments offered were (i) SBM vs. B. napus CM, (ii) SBM vs. B. juncea CM, and (iii) B. napus vs. B. juncea CM. Pigs preferred SBM (P < 0.001) over B. napus and B. juncea CM diets, and pigs preferred B. napus (P < 0.001) over B. juncea CM diet. High content of the glucosinolate gluconapin likely reduced feed preference in B. juncea more than in B. napus CM. In conclusion, the contrast between preference and performance studies feeding CM to pigs indicates that preference studies should be interpreted cautiously until validated by growth performance data.