Parasites, pathogens and commensals in the "low-impact" non-native amphipod host Gammarus roeselii.
Parasites, pathogens and commensals in the "low-impact" non-native amphipod host Gammarus roeselii.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-017-2108-6
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发表时间：
2017-04-20
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Stentiford GD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bojko J;Bącela-Spychalska K;Stebbing PD;Dunn AM;Grabowski M;Rachalewski M;Stentiford GD
尽管人们对非本地物种 (NNS) 的病原体的研究还很充分，但人们越来越多地认识到它是对本地野生动物的重要威胁。这项研究以最近关于改进 NNS 病原体筛查的建议为基础，重点关注波兰西北部 Chojna 的罗氏钩虾种群。在这个地区以及欧洲大陆的其他地区，G. roeselii 被认为是一种根深蒂固且相对“低影响”的入侵者，人们对其潜在的病原体概况知之甚少，更不了解这些病原体对本地物种的潜在溢出效应。通过结合组织学、超微结构和系统发育方法，我们定义了波兰非本地 G. roeselii 群体的病原体谱。该图谱包括棘头动物（Polymorphus minutus Goese，1782 和 Pomphorhynchus sp.）、双殖吸虫、共生轮虫、共生和寄生纤毛原生生物、gregarines、微孢子虫、一种假定的立克次体样生物、丝状细菌和两种病毒病原体，其中大多数以前科学界未知。为了证明从分类学角度表征此类致病风险的潜力，根据其病理学、发育周期和 SSU rRNA 基因系统发育对其中一种病原体（一种新型小孢子虫）进行了描述。新型小孢子虫 Cucumispora roeselii n. sp。显示出与先前描述的两个分类群最接近的形态和系统发育相似性，Cucumispora dikerogammari (Ovcharenko & Kurandina, 1987) 和 Cucumispora ornata Bojko, Dunn, Stebbing, Ross, Kerr & Stentiford, 2015。除了我们的发现扩大了 Cucumispora Ovcharenko、Bacela、Wilkinson、Ironside 属的宿主范围之外， Rigaud & Wattier，2010 在片脚类宿主 Dikerogammarus Stebbing 属之外，我们揭示了当入侵新地点时，（以前未知的）病原体与该宿主共同转移的巨大潜力。这项研究强调了低影响 NNS 入侵前筛查的重要性，并提供了一种记录和潜在减轻先前未知病原体带来的额外风险的方法。本文的在线版本 (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2108-6) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Whilst vastly understudied, pathogens of non-native species (NNS) are increasingly recognised as important threats to native wildlife. This study builds upon recent recommendations for improved screening for pathogens in NNS by focusing on populations of Gammarus roeselii in Chojna, north-western Poland. At this location, and in other parts of continental Europe, G. roeselii is considered a well-established and relatively ‘low-impact’ invader, with little understanding about its underlying pathogen profile and even less on potential spill-over of these pathogens to native species. Using a combination of histological, ultrastructural and phylogenetic approaches, we define a pathogen profile for non-native populations of G. roeselii in Poland. This profile comprised acanthocephalans (Polymorphus minutus Goese, 1782 and Pomphorhynchus sp.), digenean trematodes, commensal rotifers, commensal and parasitic ciliated protists, gregarines, microsporidia, a putative rickettsia-like organism, filamentous bacteria and two viral pathogens, the majority of which are previously unknown to science. To demonstrate potential for such pathogenic risks to be characterised from a taxonomic perspective, one of the pathogens, a novel microsporidian, is described based upon its pathology, developmental cycle and SSU rRNA gene phylogeny. The novel microsporidian Cucumispora roeselii n. sp. displayed closest morphological and phylogenetic similarity to two previously described taxa, Cucumispora dikerogammari (Ovcharenko & Kurandina, 1987), and Cucumispora ornata Bojko, Dunn, Stebbing, Ross, Kerr & Stentiford, 2015. In addition to our discovery extending the host range for the genus Cucumispora Ovcharenko, Bacela, Wilkinson, Ironside, Rigaud & Wattier, 2010 outside of the amphipod host genus Dikerogammarus Stebbing, we reveal significant potential for the co-transfer of (previously unknown) pathogens alongside this host when invading novel locations. This study highlights the importance of pre-invasion screening of low-impact NNS and, provides a means to document and potentially mitigate the additional risks posed by previously unknown pathogens. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2108-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.