Mechanisms regulating imprinted genes in clusters
Mechanisms regulating imprinted genes in clusters
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ceb.2007.04.013
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Ferguson-Smith, Anne C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards, Carol A.;Ferguson-Smith, Anne C.
簇状印记基因受到差异甲基化印记控制区 (ICR) 的调节，ICR 影响大区域内的基因活性和顺式抑制。尽管每个簇的主要印记信号是 DNA 甲基化，但使用不同的机制来建立和维持这些标记。大多数lCR在母体种系中被甲基化，并且通常是反义转录物的启动子，其延伸与域中的印记控制相关。相反，在父系种系中甲基化的ICR似乎不充当启动子并且位于基因之间。已知 Igf2/H19 基因座上的至少一个具有绝缘体的功能。 ICR 分析表明，母本甲基化印记以不同的方式发挥作用。
Clustered imprinted genes are regulated by differentially methylated imprinting control regions (ICRs) that affect gene activity and repression in cis over a large region. Although a primary imprint signal for each of these clusters is DNA methylation, different mechanisms are used to establish and maintain these marks. The majority of lCRs are methylated in the maternal germline and are usually promoters for antisense transcripts whose elongation is associated with imprinting control in the domain. In contrast, ICRs methylated in the paternal germline do not appear to act as promoters and are located between genes. At least one, at the Igf2/H19 locus, is known to function as an insulator. Analysis of ICRs suggests that maternal and paternal methylation imprints function in distinct ways.