A cloud based tool for knowledge exchange on local scale flood risk.
A cloud based tool for knowledge exchange on local scale flood risk.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.009
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
M. Wilkinson;Eleanor B. Mackay;Paul Quinn;M. Stutter;Keith Beven;Christopher J.A. Macleod;M. Macklin;Yehia Elkhatib;B. Percy;Claudia Vitolo;P. Haygarth
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Wilkinson;Eleanor B. Mackay;Paul Quinn;M. Stutter;Keith Beven;Christopher J.A. Macleod;M. Macklin;Yehia Elkhatib;B. Percy;Claudia Vitolo;P. Haygarth
现在迫切需要在可持续性的大背景下采取新的办法来管理环境挑战，例如水灾。这需要一种新的工作方式，在学科和组织之间架起桥梁，打破科学文化的界限。因此，人们日益认识到，地方社区适当参与集水管理决策可带来多重好处。然而，需要新的工具来连接组织和社区。基于云的技术的增长提供了一种新的方式来促进环境科学和管理信息交换的过程，但是，利益相关者需要从一开始就参与开发过程的一部分，而不是在最后呈现最终产品。其目的是为利益相关者开发一个基于云的学习平台，将分散的数据，模型和可视化工具汇集在一起，使这些利益相关者能够在当地范围内做出科学的环境管理决策。它是通过与英国三个集水区案例研究中的不同利益相关者团体和相关主题领域的国家专家小组合作制定的。然而，这些案例研究流域是典型的许多北方纬度流域。该工具的目的是在当地受影响的社区沟通洪水风险，同时与土地所有者/农民就农业景观径流的风险进行接触。它是反复制定的，以反映广泛的利益攸关方的需求、利益和能力。该试点工具结合了基于云的服务、当地集水区数据集、水文模型和定制的可视化工具，以探索真实的时间水文数据和未来土地利用变化造成的洪水风险的影响。试点工具的新颖之处在于：与利益攸关方、政策制定者和科学家在基于云的平台上共同发展工具;鼓励不同的科学学科共同努力;为一系列利益攸关方提供了可访问和可理解的丰富信息;并为未来如何开发此类基于云的工具提供了框架。最重要的是，利益相关者将云技术的工具和潜力视为采取整体系统方法解决环境问题的有效手段。这种社区所有权的意识是必不可少的，以促进未来适当和可接受的土地使用管理决定，由当地集水社区共同制定。开发过程和由此产生的试点工具可应用于全球各地的集水区，以促进自下而上的集水区管理办法。
There is an emerging and urgent need for new approaches for the management of environmental challenges such as flood hazard in the broad context of sustainability. This requires a new way of working which bridges disciplines and organisations, and that breaks down science-culture boundaries. With this, there is growing recognition that the appropriate involvement of local communities in catchment management decisions can result in multiple benefits. However, new tools are required to connect organisations and communities. The growth of cloud based technologies offers a novel way to facilitate this process of exchange of information in environmental science and management; however, stakeholders need to be engaged with as part of the development process from the beginning rather than being presented with a final product at the end.Here we present the development of a pilot Local Environmental Virtual Observatory Flooding Tool. The aim was to develop a cloud based learning platform for stakeholders, bringing together fragmented data, models and visualisation tools that will enable these stakeholders to make scientifically informed environmental management decisions at the local scale. It has been developed by engaging with different stakeholder groups in three catchment case studies in the UK and a panel of national experts in relevant topic areas. However, these case study catchments are typical of many northern latitude catchments. The tool was designed to communicate flood risk in locally impacted communities whilst engaging with landowners/farmers about the risk of runoff from the farmed landscape. It has been developed iteratively to reflect the needs, interests and capabilities of a wide range of stakeholders. The pilot tool combines cloud based services, local catchment datasets, a hydrological model and bespoke visualisation tools to explore real time hydrometric data and the impact of flood risk caused by future land use changes. The novel aspects of the pilot tool are; the co-evolution of tools on a cloud based platform with stakeholders, policy and scientists; encouraging different science disciplines to work together; a wealth of information that is accessible and understandable to a range of stakeholders; and provides a framework for how to approach the development of such a cloud based tool in the future. Above all, stakeholders saw the tool and the potential of cloud technologies as an effective means to taking a whole systems approach to solving environmental issues. This sense of community ownership is essential in order to facilitate future appropriate and acceptable land use management decisions to be co-developed by local catchment communities. The development processes and the resulting pilot tool could be applied to local catchments globally to facilitate bottom up catchment management approaches.