Optical fibers and amplifiers for WDM systems
Optical fibers and amplifiers for WDM systems
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DOI：
10.1109/5.649655
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发表时间：
1997-11-01
影响因子：
20.6
通讯作者：
DaSilva, VL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yadlowsky, MJ;Deliso, EM;DaSilva, VL
光纤放大器的发展大大提高了光传输系统的容量，同时降低了系统成本。容量增加是可能的，因为光纤放大器提供的高输出功率支持更高的比特率，而它们的宽带和缓慢的增益动态允许多通道操作。这一好处的代价是必须管理由于整个系统链路上积累的放大器噪声和色散失真造成的信噪比下降。此外，随着在长长度光纤上使用高功率信号，非线性光学效应变得显著，导致不同通道之间的串扰并增加信号失真。为了充分挖掘波分复用系统的潜力，必须对光纤和光纤放大器的光学特性进行优化。光放大应具有低噪声和平坦的增益，这可以通过使用980 nm泵浦激光器、优化的光纤组成和增益平坦滤光片来实现。光纤应具有较小的非零色散和较大的有效面积。这两个特性都可以通过优化光纤折射率分布来实现。本文总结了这些部件的研究现状，并指出了今后的研究方向。
The development of optical-fiber amplifiers allowed a dramatic increase in the capacity of optical transmission systems while reducing system costs. Capacity increases are possible because the high output powers afforded by optical-fiber amplifiers support higher bit rates, while their broad bandwidth and slow gain dynamics allow multichannel operation. This benefit comes at the expense of having to manage signal-to-noise ratio degradations due to the accumulation of amplifier noise and dispersion distortions accumulated over the total system link. Furthermore, nonlinear optical effects become significant with the use of high power signals over long lengths of fiber, causing cross talk among the different channels and increasing signal distortions. To fully exploit the potential capacity of wavelength division multiplexing systems, the optical characteristics of the fibers and optical-fiber amplifiers must be optimized. The optical amplifiers should have low noise and flat gain, which can be achieved by using 980-nm pump lasers, optimized fiber glass composition, and gain-flattening filters. The optical fibers should have a small nonzero dispersion and large effective area. Both features can be achieved by optimizing the fiber index profile. This paper summarizes the state of the art in these components and points to directions for future exploration.