Binocular Rivalry: Frontal Activity Relates to Introspection and Action But Not to Perception
Binocular Rivalry: Frontal Activity Relates to Introspection and Action But Not to Perception
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4403-13.2014
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发表时间：
2014-01-29
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Einhaeuser, Wolfgang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fraessle, Stefan;Sommer, Jens;Einhaeuser, Wolfgang
当两个不同的刺激呈现在眼睛上时，感知在多种解释之间交替，这种现象被称为双眼竞争。许多最近的成像研究试图揭示多稳态感知的神经基质。然而，这些研究有一个概念上的限制：进入观察者的知觉状态依赖于他们的内省和积极的报告。在这里，我们调查了在何种程度上的神经相关的健康人的双眼竞争混淆了这种主观的措施和行动。我们使用视动性眼球震颤和瞳孔大小来客观和连续地映射双眼竞争刺激的感知变化。结合这两项措施与功能磁共振成像使我们能够评估的神经相关的双眼竞争时间锁定的知觉交替的情况下，积极的报告。当观察员被要求积极报告他们的感受时，我们的客观措施与报告相匹配。在这种积极的条件下，客观的措施和主观的报告显示，枕叶，顶叶和额叶区的基础上处理的双眼竞争，复制早期的研究结果。此外，客观的措施提供了额外的统计力量，由于其连续性。重要的是，当观察者被动地经历竞争而没有报告感知变化时，出现了不同的画面：额叶区域的差异神经活动不存在，而枕叶和顶叶区域的激活持续存在。我们的研究结果质疑流行的观点，即在双眼竞争过程中，额区在感知交替的启动中起着驱动作用。相反，我们的结论是，额叶区域与积极的报告和内省，而不是与竞争本身。
When two dissimilar stimuli are presented to the eyes, perception alternates between multiple interpretations, a phenomenon dubbed binocular rivalry. Numerous recent imaging studies have attempted to unveil neural substrates underlying multistable perception. However, these studies had a conceptual constraint: access to observers' perceptual state relied on their introspection and active report. Here, we investigated to what extent neural correlates of binocular rivalry in healthy humans are confounded by this subjective measure and by action. We used the optokinetic nystagmus and pupil size to objectively and continuously map perceptual alternations for binocular-rivalry stimuli. Combining these two measures with fMRI allowed us to assess the neural correlates of binocular rivalry time locked to the perceptual alternations in the absence of active report. When observers were asked to actively report their percept, our objective measures matched the report. In this active condition, objective measures and subjective reporting revealed that occipital, parietal, and frontal areas underlie the processing of binocular rivalry, replicating earlier findings. Furthermore, objective measures provided additional statistical power due to their continuous nature. Importantly, when observers passively experienced rivalry without reporting perceptual alternations, a different picture emerged: differential neural activity in frontal areas was absent, whereas activation in occipital and parietal regions persisted. Our results question the popular view of a driving role of frontal areas in the initiation of perceptual alternations during binocular rivalry. Instead, we conclude that frontal areas are associated with active report and introspection rather than with rivalry per se.