Association of Lower Socioeconomic Status and SARS-CoV-2 Positivity in Los Angeles, California.
Association of Lower Socioeconomic Status and SARS-CoV-2 Positivity in Los Angeles, California.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3961/jpmph.21.126
复制
发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klausner JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allan-Blitz LT;Goldbeck C;Hertlein F;Turner I;Klausner JD
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 传播不均匀，对贫困和少数民族社区造成不成比例的影响。贫困与种族之间的关系很复杂，多种结构性和系统性因素导致少数族裔人口贫困率上升。然而，具体导致 SARS-CoV-2 感染率过高的因素尚不清楚。我们评估了 2020 年 6 月至 12 月期间加利福尼亚州洛杉矶社区测试点的 SARS-CoV-2 测试结果。我们使用测试人员邮政编码数据将这些结果与美国人口普查报告中的平均家庭年收入、医疗保健覆盖率以及按邮政编码列出的就业状况数据联系起来。我们分析了 2 141 127 份 SARS-CoV-2 检测结果，其中 245 154 份（11.4%）呈阳性。多变量模型显示，西班牙裔社区中 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阳性的可能性高于其他种族。我们发现，邮政编码地区平均家庭年收入低于 65 000 美元（调整后优势比 [aOR]，1.77；95% 置信区间 [CI]，1.72 至 1.82）的个体，以及邮政编码地区拥有健康保险的个体<85%（aOR，1.29；95% CI，1.25 至 1.82）的个体，SARS-CoV-2 阳性风险增加。 1.33），且就业人数<60%（aOR，1.42；95% CI，1.41 至 1.44）。居住在平均家庭年收入较低、就业率较低或医疗保险费率较低的邮政编码区与 SARS-CoV-2 阳性相关。需要进一步研究这些因素如何增加 SARS-CoV-2 感染在社会经济地位较低的人群中的传播，以便制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施。
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spreads heterogeneously, disproportionately impacting poor and minority communities. The relationship between poverty and race is complex, with a diverse set of structural and systemic factors driving higher rates of poverty among minority populations. The factors that specifically contribute to the disproportionate rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, are not clearly understood. We evaluated SARS-CoV-2 test results from community-based testing sites in Los Angeles, California, between June and December, 2020. We used tester zip code data to link those results with United States Census report data on average annual household income, rates of healthcare coverage, and employment status by zip code. We analyzed 2 141 127 SARS-CoV-2 test results, of which 245 154 (11.4%) were positive. Multivariable modeling showed a higher likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 test positivity among Hispanic communities than among other races. We found an increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 positivity among individuals from zip codes with an average annual household income <US$65 000 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72 to 1.82), as well as from zip codes with <85% of individuals with health insurance (aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.33), and <60% of individuals employed (aOR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.41 to 1.44). Residence in zip codes with lower average annual household income, lower rates of employment, or lower rates of health insurance was associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Further research is needed into how those factors increase the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection among populations of lower socioeconomic status in order to develop targeted public health interventions.