Altered apoptotic responses in neurons lacking RhoB GTPase.

Altered apoptotic responses in neurons lacking RhoB GTPase.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07891.x
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发表时间:
2011-12
期刊:
The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Morris BJ
Morris BJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Barberan S;McNair K;Iqbal K;Smith NC;Prendergast GC;Stone TW;Cobb SR;Morris BJ

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Caspase 3 激活与中枢神经系统损伤(如创伤性脑损伤或脑缺血)的急性神经毒性作用有关,也与导致长期神经退行性变(如阿尔茨海默病)的早期事件有关。然而,在神经元损伤中激活 caspase 3 的确切机制尚不清楚。 RhoB 是 Rho GTPase 家族的成员,在临床前模型和临床中均由脑缺血或神经创伤显着诱导。在当前的研究中,我们测试了 RhoB 可能直接调节 caspase 3 活性以及神经元凋亡或坏死反应的假设。 RhoB 在 NG108-15 神经元细胞系或培养的皮质海马神经元中的过度表达可提高 caspase 3 活性,但不会引起明显的毒性。与野生型小鼠的神经元相比,培养的 RhoB 敲除小鼠的皮质海马神经元对坏死刺激(急性钙离子载体暴露)的敏感性没有任何差异。然而,缺乏 RhoB 的皮质海马神经元表现出由凋亡剂星孢菌素诱导的 DNA 断裂程度和 caspase 3 激活程度降低,同时神经元存活率增加。星形孢菌素对 caspase 9 活性的诱导也受到抑制。 RhoB 敲除小鼠成年大脑中 caspase 3 活性的基础水平降低。这些数据直接表明神经元 RhoB 参与 caspase 3 激活和程序性细胞死亡的初始阶段,并表明 RhoB 可能是中枢神经系统中 caspase 3 活性升高的治疗干预的一个有吸引力的靶标。
Caspase 3 activation has been linked to the acute neurotoxic effects of central nervous system damage, as in traumatic brain injury or cerebral ischaemia, and also to the early events leading to long-term neurodegeneration, as in Alzheimer’s disease. However, the precise mechanisms activating caspase 3 in neuronal injury are unclear. RhoB is a member of the Rho GTPase family that is dramatically induced by cerebral ischaemia or neurotrauma, both in preclinical models and clinically. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that RhoB might directly modulate caspase 3 activity and apoptotic or necrotic responses in neurons. Over-expression of RhoB in the NG108-15 neuronal cell line or in cultured corticohippocampal neurons elevated caspase 3 activity without inducing overt toxicity. Cultured corticohippocampal neurons from RhoB knockout mice did not show any differences in sensitivity to a necrotic stimulus – acute calcium ionophore exposure – compared with neurons from wild-type mice. However, corticohippocampal neurons lacking RhoB exhibited a reduction in the degree of DNA fragmentation and caspase 3 activation induced by the apoptotic agent staurosporine, in parallel with increased neuronal survival. Staurosporine induction of caspase 9 activity was also suppressed. RhoB knockout mice showed reduced basal levels of caspase 3 activity in the adult brain. These data directly implicate neuronal RhoB in caspase 3 activation and the initial stages of programmed cell death, and suggest that RhoB may represent an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in conditions involving elevated caspase 3 activity in the central nervous system.
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