Fungal fragments as indoor air biocontaminants
Fungal fragments as indoor air biocontaminants
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.68.7.3522-3531.2002
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Grinshpun, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Górny, RL;Reponen, T;Grinshpun, SA
利用自行设计和建造的气溶胶化室对杂色曲霉、梅氏青霉和枝孢霉3种真菌繁殖体的气溶胶化过程进行了研究。我们发现真菌碎片与孢子同时从受污染的琼脂和天花板瓷砖表面雾化。用光学粒子计数器进行的浓度测量表明，碎片释放的数量比孢子高（高达320倍）。真菌繁殖体的释放取决于真菌种类、污染表面上方的空气速度以及污染材料的质地和振动。与孢子相反，从光滑表面释放的碎片不受空气流速的影响，表明不同的释放机制。相关性分析表明，不能根据孢子数量预测释放碎片的数量。酶联免疫吸附试验与单克隆抗体产生的曲霉和青霉属真菌物种表明，片段和孢子共享共同的抗原，这不仅证实了真菌来源的片段，但也建立了其潜在的生物学相关性。相当大的免疫反应性，大量和小颗粒大小的真菌碎片可能有助于人类健康的影响，已经在有霉菌问题的建筑物中检测到，但直到现在还没有科学的解释。这项研究表明，未来的真菌孢子调查与霉菌问题的建筑物应包括真菌片段的定量。
The aerosolization process of fungal propagules of three species (Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium melinii, and Cladosporium cladosporioides) was studied by using a newly designed and constructed aerosolization chamber. We discovered that fungal fragments are aerosolized simultaneously with spores from contaminated agar and ceiling tile surfaces. Concentration measurements with an optical particle counter showed that the fragments are released in higher numbers (up to 320 times) than the spores. The release of fungal propagules varied depending on the fungal species, the air velocity above the contaminated surface, and the texture and vibration of the contaminated material. In contrast to spores, the release of fragments from smooth surfaces was not affected by air velocity, indicating a different release mechanism. Correlation analysis showed that the number of released fragments cannot be predicted on the basis of the number of spores. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with monoclonal antibodies produced against Aspergillus and Penicillum fungal species showed that fragments and spores share common antigens, which not only confirmed the fungal origin of the fragments but also established their potential biological relevance. The considerable immunological reactivity, the high number, and the small particle size of the fungal fragments may contribute to human health effects that have been detected in buildings with mold problems but had no scientific explanation until now. This study suggests that future fungal spore investigations in buildings with mold problems should include the quantitation of fungal fragments.