Water diffusion reveals networks that modulate multiregional morphological plasticity after repetitive brain stimulation
Water diffusion reveals networks that modulate multiregional morphological plasticity after repetitive brain stimulation
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1320223111
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发表时间：
2014-03-25
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Mima, Tatsuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abe, Mitsunari;Fukuyama, Hidenao;Mima, Tatsuya
重复脑刺激方案在脑片模型中诱导刺激部位的可塑性。最近来自网络模型的证据表明，与可塑性相关的额外变化发生在未受刺激的偏远地区。尽管在实验和临床环境中越来越多地使用脑刺激方案，但偏远地区额外影响的神经基础尚不清楚。弥散加权磁共振成像(DWI)探测水的扩散，可用于评估可塑性诱导过程中皮质组织的形态变化。使用DWI技术，我们评估了重复经颅磁刺激(RTMS)在左侧初级运动皮质(M1)上引起的形态变化。我们发现rTMS改变了包括左侧M1在内的多个区域的水扩散。值得注意的是，水扩散的变化在左侧M1和偏远地区保持时间最长，这些区域与rTMS前水扩散的基线波动相关。我们的结论是，在模拟区域和偏远地区之间静态水扩散的同步性确保了rTMS引起的偏远地区水扩散的变化保持不变。在刺激和远程区域之间皮质微结构形态的同步波动可能识别允许在脑刺激方案后在多个区域保留与可塑性相关的形态变化的网络。这些结果增加了我们对脑刺激诱导的可塑性对多区域脑网络的影响的理解。弥散加权成像技术可以提供一种工具来评估脑刺激方案对脑部疾病患者的治疗效果。
Repetitive brain stimulation protocols induce plasticity in the stimulated site in brain slice models. Recent evidence from network models has indicated that additional plasticity-related changes occur in nonstimulated remote regions. Despite increasing use of brain stimulation protocols in experimental and clinical settings, the neural substrates underlying the additional effects in remote regions are unknown. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) probes water diffusion and can be used to estimate morphological changes in cortical tissue that occur with the induction of plasticity. Using DWI techniques, we estimated morphological changes induced by application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left primary motor cortex (M1). We found that rTMS altered water diffusion in multiple regions including the left M1. Notably, the change in water diffusion was retained longest in the left M1 and remote regions that had a correlation of baseline fluctuations in water diffusion before rTMS. We conclude that synchronization of water diffusion at rest between stimulated and remote regions ensures retention of rTMS-induced changes in water diffusion in remote regions. Synchronized fluctuations in the morphology of cortical microstructures between stimulated and remote regions might identify networks that allow retention of plasticity-related morphological changes in multiple regions after brain stimulation protocols. These results increase our understanding of the effects of brain stimulation-induced plasticity on multiregional brain networks. DWI techniques could provide a tool to evaluate treatment effects of brain stimulation protocols in patients with brain disorders.